Abstract
"The large body of research used to support ego‐depletion
effects is currently faced with conceptual and replication issues,
leading to doubt over the extent or even existence of the ego‐depletion
effect. By using within‐person designs in a laboratory (Study 1; 187
participants) and an ambulatory assessment study (Study 2; 125
participants), we sought to clarify this ambiguity by investigating
whether prominent situational variables (such as motivation and affect)
or personality traits can help elucidate when ego depletion can be
observed and when not. Although only marginal ego‐depletion effects were
found in both studies, these effects varied considerably between
individuals, indicating that some individuals experience self‐control
decrements after initial self‐control exertion and others not. However,
neither motivation nor affect nor personality traits such as trait
self‐control could consistently explain this variability when models
were applied that controlled for variance due to targets and the
depletion manipulation (Study 1) or days (Study 2) as well as for
multiple testing. We discuss how the operationalization and reliability
of our key measures may explain these null effects and demonstrate that
alternative metrics may be required to study the consequences of the
consecutive exertion of self‐control."
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