tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43180789651078925542024-03-28T12:02:00.619-07:00The Free Market AlternativeEvaluating the free market by comparing it to the alternatives (We don't need more regulations, We don't need more price controls, No Socialism in the courtroom, Hey, White House, leave us all alone)Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.comBlogger8289125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-72274346677318151922024-03-28T12:00:00.000-07:002024-03-28T12:00:59.852-07:00The Case Against Antitrust<p> <b><a href="https://www.cato.org/blog/case-against-antitrust"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Robert A. Levy of Cato</span></a></b>.</p><div>
<div class="body-text">
<p></p><blockquote><p>"Competition is an essential ingredient of capitalism.
Accordingly, when a corporation appears to have acquired sufficient
market dominance to discourage competitors, it’s tempting to ask the
government to remedy the problem by enforcing antitrust laws. That
temptation should be resisted, except to redress monopoly power that the
government itself has created.</p>
<p>I’ve published several variations on this critique—mostly in connection with the <a href="https://www.cato.org/commentary/beyond-browser-wars-antitrust-vendetta">antitrust case</a> against Microsoft during the so‐called <a href="https://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/pa-296.pdf">browser wars</a>. Today, the critique bears repeating, as the Justice Department pursues its ill‐advised <a href="https://apnews.com/article/apple-antitrust-monopoly-app-store-justice-department-822d7e8f5cf53a2636795fcc33ee1fc3">crusade against Apple</a>—for the benefit of competitors at the expense of consumers.</p>
<p>Without constant vigilance by the Justice Department and the Federal
Trade Commission, so the argument goes, large corporations would
ruthlessly destroy their smaller rivals and raise prices and profits at
consumers’ expense. When mega‐companies grab market share, the need for
vigorous antitrust enforcement seems obvious. And yet, there’s a dark
side to antitrust. The laws, in the words of former Federal Reserve
chairman <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-WFdJtD6G2FAyQqRY4OW7ySri0FwgAh3S479aWGFFUQ/edit?pli=1">Alan Greenspan</a>, are a “jumble of economic irrationality and ignorance.”</p>
<p><strong>First, antitrust debases the idea of private property</strong>,
transforming it into something that effectively belongs to the public,
to be designed by government officials and sold on terms congenial to
corporate rivals who are bent on the market leader’s demise. Some
advocates of the free market endorse that process, despite the
destructive implications of stripping private property of its protection
against confiscation. If new technology is to be declared public
property, future technology will not materialize. If technology is to be
proprietary, then it must not be expropriated. Once expropriation
becomes the remedy of choice, the goose is unlikely to continue laying
golden eggs.</p>
<p>The principles are these: No one other than the owner has a right to
the technology he created. Consumers can’t demand that a product be
provided at a specified price or with specified features. Competitors
aren’t entitled to share in the product’s advantages. By demanding that
one company’s creation be exploited for the benefit of competitors, or
even consumers, government is flouting core principles of free markets
and individual liberty.</p>
<p><strong>Second, antitrust laws are fluid, nonobjective, and often retroactive.</strong>
Because of murky statutes and conflicting case law, companies never can
be quite sure what constitutes permissible behavior. Conduct that is
otherwise legal somehow morphs into an antitrust violation. Normal
business practices—price discounts, product improvements, exclusive
contracting—become violations of law. When they’re not accused of
monopoly price gouging for charging too much, companies are accused of
predatory pricing for charging too little, or collusion for charging the
same.</p>
<p><strong>Third, antitrust is based on a static view of the market<em>.</em></strong>
In real markets, sellers seek to carve out mini‐monopolies. Profits
from market power are the engine that drives the economy. So, what might
happen in a utopian, perfectly competitive environment is irrelevant to
the question whether government intervention is necessary or
appropriate. The proper comparison is with the marketplace that will
evolve if the antitrust laws, by punishing success, eliminate incentives
for new and improved products. Markets move faster than antitrust laws
could ever move. Consumers rule, not producers. And consumers can unseat
any product and any company no matter how powerful and entrenched. Just
ask WordPerfect or Lotus or Polaroid.</p>
<p><strong>Fourth, antitrust remedies are designed by bureaucrats who don’t understand how markets work<em>.</em></strong>
Economic losses from excessive regulation can do great damage to
producers and consumers. But government moves forward in the name of
correcting market imperfections, apparently without considering the
consequences of government intervention. Proponents of antitrust tell us
that government planners know which products should be withdrawn from
the market, no matter what consumers actually prefer. The problem with
that argument is that it leads directly to paternalism, to the idea than
an elite corps of experts knows our interests better than we do—and can
regulate our affairs to satisfy those interests better than the market
does.</p>
<p>The real issue is not whether one product is better than another but
who gets to decide—consumers, declaring their preferences by purchases
in the market or specialists at the Justice Department or the Federal
Trade Commission rating the merits of various goods and services. When
we permit government to make such decisions for us, and we allow those
decisions to trump the subjective choices of consumers, we abandon any
pretense of a free market. In the process, we reduce consumer choice to
a formalistic appraisal centering on technical features alone,
notwithstanding that products are also desired for quality, price,
service, convenience, and a host of other variables.</p>
<p><strong>Fifth, antitrust law is wielded by business rivals and their allies in the political arena<em>.</em></strong>
Instead of focusing on new and better products, disgruntled rivals try
to exploit the law—consorting with members of Congress, their staffers,
antitrust officials, and the best lobbying and public relations firms
that money can buy. Soon enough, the targeted company responds in
kind—using political influence to bring down competitors. That agenda
will destroy what it sets out to protect. Politicians are mostly order
takers. Therefore, we’ll get the kind of government we ask for—including
oppressive regulation. Citizens who are troubled by huge corporations
dominating private markets should be even more concerned if those same
corporations decide that political clout better serves their
interest—politicizing competition to advance the private interests of
favored competitors.</p>
<p><strong>Sixth, barriers to entry are created by government, not private businesses<em>.</em></strong>
Under antitrust law, the proper test for government intervention is
whether barriers to entry foreclose meaningful competition. But what is a
“barrier”? When a company advertises, lowers prices, improves quality,
adds features, or offers better service, it discourages rivals. But it
cannot bar them. True barriers arise from government misbehavior, not
private power—from special‐interest legislation or a misconceived
regulatory regimen that protects existing producers from competition.
When government grants targeted tax benefits, subsidies, insurance
guarantees, and loans, or enacts tariffs and quotas to protect domestic
companies from foreign rivals, that creates the same anti‐competitive
environment that the antitrust laws were meant to foreclose. That’s how
barriers to competition are born and nurtured at public expense. The
obvious answer, which has little to do with antitrust, is for government
to stop creating those barriers to begin with.</p>
<p><strong>Seventh, antitrust will inevitably be used by unprincipled politicians as a political bludgeon<em>.</em></strong>
Too often, the executive branch has exploited the antitrust laws to
force conformity by “uncooperative” companies. Remember when President
Nixon used the threat of an antitrust suit against the three major TV
networks to extort more favorable media coverage. On a widely publicized
tape, Nixon told his aide, Chuck Colson, “Our gain is more important
than the economic gain. We don’t give a goddamn about the economic gain.
Our game here is solely political.” If Nixon were the only culprit,
that would be bad enough. But today’s crusade against Apple suggests
that the Biden administration seeks political dividends by attacking
a huge and immensely rich corporation, notwithstanding the economic
toll. The lesson is clear: the threat of abusive public power is far
larger than the threat of private market power.</p>
<p>More than two centuries ago, in the <em>Wealth of Nations</em>, Adam
Smith observed that “People of the same trade seldom meet together … but
the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public or in some
contrivance to raise prices.” Coming from the father of laissez faire,
that warning has often been cited by antitrust proponents to justify all
manner of interventionist mischief. Those same proponents, whether
carelessly or deviously, rarely mention Smith’s next sentence: “It is
impossible indeed to prevent such meetings, by any law which either
could be executed, or would be consistent with liberty and justice.”"</p></blockquote><p></p></div></div>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-67449615489113909272024-03-28T11:42:00.000-07:002024-03-28T11:42:40.095-07:00Exploring the Unseen In Trade and Trade Policy<p><b><a href="https://cafehayek.com/2024/03/exploring-the-unseen-in-trade-and-trade-policy.html"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Don Boudreaux</span></a></b>.</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"Here’s a letter to a new patron of Café Hayek:</p>
<p>Mr. D__:</p>
<p>Thanks for your e-mail in response to <a href="https://cafehayek.com/2024/03/protectionists-arguments-are-invariably-weak.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">my criticism of calls to protect American aluminum producers from foreign competition</a>.</p>
<p>You ask: “If we don’t protect our aluminum manufacturers against
subsidized imports, what’s the good of low prices now if we wind up with
no aluminum manufacturers in the future?”</p>
<p>Your question is fair, and I’ll answer it with some questions of my own.</p>
<p>First, if maintaining a domestic aluminum industry is worth
sacrificing the opportunity to buy foreign-made aluminum at low prices,
what difference does it make if the low prices of aluminum imports
result from subsidies or from the genuinely superior efficiency of
foreign aluminum producers? Aren’t subsidies largely a red herring?</p>
<p>Second, because U.S. government protection of American aluminum
producers necessarily draws resources away from other American
industries, how can you be sure that the resulting shrinkage – or even
disappearance – of these other American industries is a price worth
paying to artificially buoy American aluminum producers? Asked
differently, what’s the good of protecting our aluminum manufacturers if
doing so shrinks or even eliminates other American industries?</p>
<p>Third, because foreign-government subsidies of aluminum producers
necessarily draw resources away from other foreign industries and, thus,
<em>benefit</em> American producers that compete with the shrunken or
even eliminated foreign industries, how can you be sure that the
negative consequences of foreign aluminum subsidies on American aluminum
producers aren’t outweighed by the positive consequences on those
American industries that expand – or are even created – because of
foreign aluminum subsidies?"</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-42314175633015969972024-03-28T11:01:00.000-07:002024-03-28T11:01:23.554-07:00The EV Bloodbath<p><b><a href="https://www.econlib.org/the-ev-bloodbath/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By David Henderson</span></a></b>.</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"Last week, Donald Trump claimed that letting in electric vehicles (EVs) from China would result in a “bloodbath.” Here are <a href="https://www.politifact.com/article/2024/mar/18/in-context-what-trump-said-about-a-bloodbath-and-b/">his words</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">But if you look at the United Auto Workers,
what they’ve done to their people is horrible. They want to do this
all-electric nonsense where the cars don’t go far. They cost too much.
And they’re all made in China. And the head of the United Auto Workers
never probably shook hands with a Republican before they’re destroying —
you know, Mexico has taken, over a period of 30 years, 34% of the
automobile manufacturing business in our country, think of it, went to
Mexico.</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">China now is building a couple of massive
plants, where they’re going to build the cars in Mexico and … they think
that they’re going to sell those cars into the United States with no
tax at the border. Let me tell you something to China. If you’re
listening, President Xi, and you and I are friends, but he understands
the way I deal, those big, monster car manufacturing plants that you’re
building in Mexico right now, and you think you’re going to get that,
you’re going to not hire Americans, and you’re going to sell the cars to
us, no. We’re going to put a 100% tariff on every single car that comes
across the line, and you’re not going to be able to sell those cars.</p>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">If I get elected. Now, if I don’t get
elected, it’s gonna be a bloodbath for the whole, that’s going to be the
least of it. It’s bloodbath for the whole, that’s going to be the least
of it. It’s going to be a bloodbath for the country. That’ll be the
least of it. But they’re not gonna sell those cars.</p>
</blockquote>
<p style="font-weight: 400;">What he was getting at was his regular
theme: we should look at the obvious effects of imports on jobs of
competing American workers–the bloodbath–and ignore the large gains to
American consumers. His point was that if Biden were to be reelected,
those cars would come in from China or from Chinese factories in Mexico.</p>
<p>But there’s a way to help American workers while having no restrictions on cheap EVs from China or Mexico.</p>
<p>That way is to end, at the federal and state levels, all EV mandates,
all EV subsidies, and all subsidies to EV charging stations. Then
people could go on buying cars with internal combustion engines (ICE
cars) and hybrid vehicles. I predict that the vast majority would do so.
Prices would be lower than they are now. Why? Because the mandates
cause the car manufacturers to artificially raise the price of ICE
vehicles so that fewer of them will be demanded. This is much like the
effect of CAFE regulations: even in the 1980s, auto manufactures raised
the prices of large gas guzzlers and lowered the prices of small
fuel-saving cars to avoid paying the federal government’s CAFE fines.
I’ve written about that numerous times and actually my first piece on
CAFE, which I wrote after ending my time as the senior economist for
energy with Reagan’s Council of Economic Advisers, was in 1985. In it, I
predicted the demise of station wagons.</p>
<p>But there would still be substantial demand for EVs. And then,
instead of those vehicles being easily affordable only to relatively
wealthy people, they would be affordable to many people with little
wealth. BYD, the Chinese EV producer, sells cars for less than $20,000, a
price that is virtually unheard of any more in the U.S. market. So we
might get, say, 30 percent of people driving EVs, up from under 10
percent today, with no subsidies and no mandates. And, as a bonus, a lot
of U.S. auto workers could keep their jobs.</p>
<p>The pic above is of a BYD Tang."</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-13473849021824193552024-03-28T10:46:00.000-07:002024-03-28T10:46:13.949-07:00Why No Recession (so far)?<p><b><a href="https://www.econlib.org/why-no-recession-so-far/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Scott Sumner</span></a></b>.</p><div class="post-content">
<p></p><blockquote><p>"Last year, the consensus view of economists called for a <a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Recessions.html">recession</a>
in 2023. At the time, I said this sort of prediction is foolish, as
the science of economics has no method for predicting turning points in
the business cycle. It was akin to astronomers trying to emulate
astrologers, and made the profession look foolish. And this wasn’t the
first time; economists have failed to predict <em>any of our recent recessions</em>. We should not even try—leave prediction to the asset markets.</p>
<p>Nonetheless, there was some reason to believe that a recession was a
bit more likely than usual. After all, the US was suffering from high
inflation, and anti-inflation programs are often associated with
recessions. So why did no recession occur in 2023? I see three
reasons, each of which is important:</p>
<p>1. The wrong <a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PhillipsCurve.html">Phillips Curve</a></p>
<p>2. Immigration</p>
<p>3. Gradualism</p>
<p>Back in 1959, Bill Phillips graphed the relationship between
inflation and unemployment. Not the relationship between price
inflation and <a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Unemployment.html">unemployment</a>, rather the relationship between <em>wage inflation</em> and unemployment (which is negative.) Almost immediately, Keynesian economists like Paul Samuelson and <a href="https://www.adamsmithworks.org/speakings/great-antidote-podcast-henderson-solow-march-2024">Robert Solow</a>
saw the value in the model, but decided that wage inflation should be
replaced by price inflation. But guess what—those brilliant American
economists were wrong and the obscure New Zealand economist was correct;
the Phillips Curve should use wage inflation, not price inflation.
That’s because the high unemployment associated with disinflation occurs
because the equilibrium wage falls faster than the actual wage, during
periods where wage growth is slowing. This leads to high unemployment.</p>
<p>During 2022, annual CPI inflation peaked at over 9%, and has since
fallen to less than 4%. That sounds like a lot of disinflation. But
price disinflation doesn’t matter, only wage disinflation causes high
unemployment. And thus far were have seen much more modest wage
disinflation:</p>
<p><img alt="" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-72028" height="133" src="https://www.econlib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Screen-Shot-2024-03-22-at-8.37.35-PM.png" width="320" /></p>
<p>Nonetheless, even that degree of wage disinflation might normally be expected to produce a mild recession. But as the <a href="https://www.wsj.com/world/asia/immigration-is-helping-the-u-s-edge-out-asia-076971c9?mod=hp_lead_pos4"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>Wall Street Journal</strong></span></a> recently pointed out, a massive surge in immigration has helped to moderate wage growth, without reducing employment:</p>
<blockquote><p>There have been more immediate effects, too. The U.S.
probably owes its soft landing—declining inflation without a big rise in
unemployment—in part to the influx of foreign workers who have,
according to Federal Reserve officials, <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/immigration-wave-delivers-economic-windfall-but-theres-a-catch-51085c4f" rel="">helped alleviate labor market pressure</a>.
For better or worse, America’s semiporous southern border can act as a
safety valve when the economy overheats, drawing in low-skilled workers
and making the emergence of a wage-price spiral and persistent inflation
less likely.</p></blockquote>
<p>Another <a href="https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/immigration-wave-delivers-economic-windfall-but-theres-a-catch-51085c4f"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>WSJ article</strong></span></a> provides specific data:</p>
<blockquote><p>The precise scale of that economic boost was laid out in
the Congressional Budget Office’s latest long-term budget and economic
outlook, released Feb. 7. It estimates the labor force will be larger by
1.7 million potential workers in 2024 and 5.2 million more—about 3%—in
2033 than the nonpartisan agency expected one year ago. Gross domestic
product—the value of all goods and services produced in a year—should be
2.1% larger. . . . More than 2.5 million migrants crossed the southwest
border in 2023, according to the Department of Homeland Security. That
resulted in net immigration of 3.3 million people last year, up from an
annual average of 919,000 in the 2010s.</p></blockquote>
<p>Back in 2022, I did a bunch of posts discussing the acute labor
shortage. Without a sudden surge in immigration, this would have led to
higher nominal wages, making disinflation much more painful. Many
immigrants are applying for asylum and are allowed to work while their
claims are being processed. (Whether you think this is good or bad has
no bearing on the question of whether they help to explain the strong
labor market.)</p>
<p>The third factor is <em>gradualism</em>. The Fed is trying to slow
NGDP growth at a gradual pace. If NGDP growth were to slow too rapidly,
we’d have a recession. If it did not slow at all, then inflation would
not come down. Obviously, it’s not easy to “thread the needle” and
achieve exactly the right pace of disinflation. I certainly would have
preferred that they move more aggressively in late 2021 and throughout
2022 and early 2023, when there were labor shortages. Even so, slowly
but surely they have been slowing the rate of NGDP growth and wage
inflation, although there is much more work to be done. It is still
quite possible that the “last mile” of inflation reduction leads to a
recession. It won’t be easy getting nominal wage growth down from the
current 4.3% to a figure closer to 3.3%. (Ignore price inflation—wage
inflation is the real story when it comes to stabilization policy.)</p>
<p>To be clear, I am not saying that the US has achieved a soft landing, or will achieve one in the near future. Some <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-24/fed-s-powell-ready-to-support-job-market-even-if-inflation-lingers?srnd=homepage-americas"><span style="color: blue;"><strong>recent statements</strong></span></a>
by Jay Powell give reason to be concerned about the Fed’s commitment to
2% inflation. I still think the so-called “flexible average inflation
targeting” policy has been something of a fiasco. The Fed is obviously
not committed to an average inflation rate of 2%, and thus they never
should have said that they were.</p>
<p>PS. A few comments on the wage graph. Because of “composition bias”
(low wage workers are fired first), average hourly earnings often spike
during recessions, even as the underlying wage rate for any given job
category declines. That effect was especially pronounced during Covid,
but also appeared in 2008. In addition, “money illusion” makes it hard
to reduce nominal wages for any given job. Because some workers
(teachers, nurses, police, etc.) get pay increases even during periods
when the overall economy is weak, the overall average wage rate
generally rises at least 2%/year, even in during periods of high
unemployment. (This was not true under the gold standard, when wages
occasionally fell.) Thus it took the labor market years to recover from
the severe shock to NGDP in 2008-09.</p>
<p>PPS. Public opinion polls (which I don’t trust) suggest that
Americans view the US economy as “poor”. But the foreign media is in
awe of the strength of our economy, in contrast to weaker economies in
Europe and Asia:"</p></blockquote><p></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-72030" height="320" src="https://www.econlib.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Screen-Shot-2024-03-23-at-12.53.04-PM.png" width="251" /></p>
</div>
<h6 class="related-article-author"><br /></h6><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-16867598858326392642024-03-27T11:09:00.000-07:002024-03-27T11:09:56.271-07:00How Capitalism Beat Communism in Vietnam<i>It only took a generation to go from ration cards to exporting electronics.</i><p><b><a href="https://reason.com/2024/03/26/how-capitalism-beat-communism-in-vietnam/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Rainer Zitelmann of Reason</span></a></b>. Excerpts:<br /></p><p></p><blockquote><p>"The amount of food you got depended on your family's status.
State employees received more, factory workers less. If there was not
enough rice, people received wheat instead, though hardly anyone knew
what to do with it: Even if they knew how to bake bread, they couldn't
normally get hold of the other ingredients. In any case, they needed
electricity to heat an oven, but electricity was available only a few
hours a day.</p> <p>Today the Vietnamese call this era <i>Thoi Bao Cap</i>—"the subsidy period." It was the time of a socialist planned economy, before the free market reforms of the late 1980s.</p> <p>In
1990, with a per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of $98, Vietnam
was the poorest country in the world, behind Somalia and Sierra Leone.
Every bad harvest led to hunger, and Vietnam relied on food aid from the
United Nations and financial assistance from the Soviet Union and other
Eastern Bloc countries. As late as 1993, 79.7 percent of the Vietnamese
population was living in poverty.</p> <p>By 2020, the poverty rate had
fallen to 5 percent. Vietnam is now one of the most dynamic countries in
the world, with a vibrant economy that creates great opportunities for
hardworking people and entrepreneurs. Once a country unable to produce
enough rice to feed its own population, it has become one of the world's
largest rice exporters, and a major electronics exporter too."</p><p>In 1977, the government started collectivizing agriculture and
nationalizing nearly 30,000 privately owned small businesses. Many
peasants in the South regarded collectivization as particularly unjust
because the communists had given them land during the war to secure
their support and now wanted to take it away from them again. Many of
them resisted collectivization, and some left their land or sold their
animals rather than work in collectives. By 1980, only 24.5 percent of
the rural population in the South worked in collectives, compared to 97
percent in the North.</p> <p>"The peasants in South Vietnam reacted by
restricting production, which was primarily oriented towards their own
needs," Claudia Pfeifer explained in her book <i>Konfuzius und Marx am Roten Fluss</i> (in English, <i>Confucius and Marx on the Red River</i>). "Within a few months, the agricultural sector almost completely collapsed."</p> <p>"Less
than 10 percent of the cultivated area for annual crops could be
artificially irrigated and drained, even though pumps were available for
about 40 percent of the area—power shortages and blackouts often made
their use impossible. Only 30 percent of the agriculture sector's
electricity demands were satisfied.</p> <p>State-owned
cooperatives received 40 percent of the government's funds, though they
contributed only 5 percent of total agricultural production. The state
collectives did not reward members for the amount of rice they produced,
but instead counted how many days they had worked. If you worked 30
days, you got 30 points, which gave you the right to a defined share of
the harvest. If you worked 20 days, you got 20 points and
correspondingly less.</p> <p>In 1980, Vietnam produced only 14 million
tons of rice, though the country required 16 million tons to meet its
population's basic needs. Every failed harvest led to immediate food
shortages, and to rationing. The second Five-Year Plan envisaged an
increase in GDP of 13 percent to 14 percent per year for 1976 to 1980.
In fact, it went up only 0.4 percent—and this with a rapidly growing
population. Agricultural production was to increase by 8 percent to 10
percent per year; it went up by 1.9 percent. The plan envisaged annual
increases in industrial production of 16 percent to 18 percent; the
actual annual average was just 0.6 percent. In the entire northern half
of the country, the per capita supply of paddy rice declined by about a
third in the second half of the 1970s.</p><p>Most of the yield was produced on the fraction of the land that was
privately farmed. From 1976 to 1988, more than 60 percent of cooperative
members' income came from the 5 percent of land they were allowed to
keep after 95 percent of the land had been collectivized.</p> <p>At
first, South Vietnam's new rulers declared that they wanted to
nationalize only foreign-owned enterprises. Vietnamese-owned enterprises
were transformed into so-called parastatals (enterprises with state
participation). But this was meant to be a temporary measure: The plan
was that all enterprises would gradually become fully state-owned. The
same problems arose in industry as in agriculture. Production stagnated,
and state-owned industrial production actually declined by 10 percent
from 1976 to 1980."</p><p></p><p>"The Vietnamese reformers' initial focus was on agriculture, at the
time the most important economic sector by far. In 1981, for example,
the state introduced Directive 100, which allowed individual families to
use cooperative land. In the words of Vu Le Thao Chi, this "placed the
unwritten custom of family-based production into an officially
sanctioned framework."</p><p></p> <p>In the early 1980s, a number of other
reforms were introduced in Vietnam. Firms would now be responsible for
their own profits and losses. Enterprises could decide for themselves
what to do with any excess profits. Planners maintained strong controls,
but if nothing else this legalized what had already been taking place
illicitly. "For instance," the political scientist David Wurfel found,
"when materials were short, goods could be sold in the open market to
raise cash to buy supplies, or perhaps to pay bonuses to workers and
thus raise productivity. Though largely illegal, these initiatives
became more and more widespread. Thus, the first key reform decree for
state industry in January 1981 required factories to register all
activities they conducted outside the plan at the same time that it
allowed them to acquire and dispose of resources as needed to increase
their supply of inputs."</p><p></p><p>"at the Sixth Party Congress in December 1986, large numbers of representatives from South Vietnam supported market reforms."</p><p>"The reforms adopted in the next couple of years included permission for
private manufacturers to employ up to 10 workers (later increased),
abolition of internal customs checkpoints, elimination of the state
foreign-trade monopoly, reduced restrictions on private enterprise,
elimination of virtually all direct subsidies and price controls,
separation of central banking from commercial banking, dismantling major
elements of the central planning and price bureaucracies, the return of
businesses in the South that had been nationalized in 1975 to their
former owners or their relatives, and the return of land seized in the
'70s collectivization campaign if it was "illegally or arbitrarily
appropriated.""</p><p>"At the end of 1987, family farmers won the right to lease land from
cooperative and state farms on a long-term basis. These farmers' rights
of disposal over land were expanded in the 1992 constitution and the
1993 Land Law. Although land could not be bought and sold as private
property, the transferability and inheritability of land on long-term
leases (up to 75 years) was guaranteed.</p><p></p> <p>The character of the
agricultural cooperatives changed. The collectives were dissolved, and
farmers now joined together voluntarily. The new cooperatives became
providers that offered certain services to the farmers, much more
cheaply than the collectives had done in socialist times. Their services
became both better as well as cheaper.</p> <p>In the industrial sector,
too, enterprises enjoyed much more autonomy. The state headquarters'
ability to intervene directly in economic activity was restricted.
Economic relations between the enterprises were to be regulated by
mutual contracts. The planned economy was not abolished entirely, but
planning now only meant setting strategic goals over extended time
frames. The setting of wages and the exploitation of profits became a
matter for the individual enterprises to determine. As Pfeifer notes,
"Enterprises were even granted the right to sell, lend, or rent out
capacities that could not be used by the enterprise at a specific moment
in time" (though the business's assets remained state property)."</p><p>"Previously, the only private enterprises allowed in Vietnam had been
family businesses, which were not allowed to employ wage labor—at least
officially. Now companies were allowed to hire as many workers as they
wanted or needed. In 1990–1991, the legal structures of sole
proprietorship, limited liability company, and public limited company
were introduced. This development culminated in 1992 with Article 21 of
the new constitution, guaranteeing the protection of private ownership
of the means of production against expropriation.</p> <p>Before 1989,
the state had fixed all prices. Now such regulations applied only to
electricity, petrol, cement, steel, and transport services. This
liberalization of prices led to an improvement in the supply of goods.
Although many prices continued to rise sharply for a while, the prices
of basic foodstuffs actually remained stable, and in the case of rice
they fell.</p> <p>Until the reforms began, the state dominated every
aspect of Vietnam's foreign trade, which was mainly with the socialist
bloc, first and foremost with the Soviet Union. Opening the country
meant welcoming foreign investment and integrating Vietnam into the
world economy. After a Foreign Investment Law was passed in 1989, money
started to flow into Vietnam from Western Europe, Singapore, South
Korea, Thailand, Hong Kong, Japan, Australia, and other countries.</p> <p>One
of the most important reforms involved abolishing the system of
centrally planned specifications and letting companies manage their own
exports and imports. The private import and export of goods was allowed
and, in almost no time at all, Vietnam had compensated for its lost
trade with socialist countries by increasing its trade volumes with
capitalist countries, especially in Asia (Taiwan, South Korea, Hong
Kong, Singapore, Japan) and Australia. A series of trade agreements
followed, including one with the United States.</p><p> In 1999, a new Enterprise Law removed yet more bureaucratic hurdles for private companies."</p><p>"Vietnam's gross domestic product grew by 7.9 percent a year from 1990 to
1996, faster than any other Asian country but China. Poverty fell
sharply. By the World Bank's standard for extreme poverty—living on less
than $1.90 a day—52.3 percent of the Vietnamese population was living
in extreme poverty in 1993. By 2008, the figure had fallen to 14.1
percent. By 2020, it was only 1 percent. That indicator was developed
for "low-income economies," though, and Vietnam has now moved to the
"lower-middle-income" category, where poverty is defined as living on
less than $3.20 a day. By that measure, the poverty rate dropped from
79.7 percent to just 5 percent.</p><p>In 1980, life expectancy in Vietnam was 62 years. Today it is 73.6
years. Vietnam has also risen in the United Nations' Human Development
Index, which aims to comprehensively measure the quality of life of
people in a country. The index score for Vietnam increased from 0.463 in
1980 to 0.704 in 2020, putting it only slightly below the global
average of 0.723."</p></blockquote><p></p><p> </p><p></p><p> </p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-65413705198291838652024-03-27T08:34:00.000-07:002024-03-27T08:34:45.739-07:00A Flawed Tale of the U.S. Manufacturing Sector <p>A review of <i>Making It in America</i> by Rachel Slade <b><br /></b></p><p><b><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/4318078965107892554/6541370519829183865"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Colin Grabow of Cato</span></a></b>. Excerpts:<br /></p><p></p><blockquote><p>"Claims that American manufacturing is “dwindling” and that producing
goods in the United States is “almost impossible,” for example, are
simply not true. We know this because Slade tells us.</p>
<p>On the book’s fourth page, the author states that manufacturing at
the end of 2022 contributed $2.9 trillion to the U.S. economy. That’s of
sufficient size to make the U.S. manufacturing sector the world’s <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/GDP.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">seventh-largest</a>
economy. The United States accounts for a greater share of global
manufacturing output than Germany, Japan, South Korea, and India <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://www.cato.org/publications/reality-american-deindustrialization#united-states-remains-manufacturing-powerhouse" rel="noopener" target="_blank">combined</a>.</p><p>It’s not only possible to make things in the United States but highly
desirable to do so. In 2022 alone U.S. manufacturing attracted <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://www.bea.gov/news/2023/new-foreign-direct-investment-united-states-2022" rel="noopener" target="_blank">over $55 billion</a> in foreign direct investment, more than any other sector of the economy."</p><p>"She’s not wrong — manufacturing employment <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MANEMP" rel="noopener" target="_blank">peaked in 1979</a>
— but this is a questionable gauge of the sector’s health. The point of
manufacturing is not employment but production, and by that metric U.S.
manufacturers are doing just fine. U.S. manufacturing output is <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/OUTMS" rel="noopener" target="_blank">only slightly off</a>
its 2007 all-time high, while the sector’s value-added — arguably the
most important measure of manufacturing’s well-being — is at <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.IND.MANF.CD?locations=US" rel="noopener" target="_blank">record levels</a>.</p><p>American manufacturers have become more productive, generating more
output with fewer people. That’s a cause for celebration, not concern."</p><p>"much of what Americans produce isn’t found on store shelves or is
stamped “Made in USA.” The United States has the world’s largest <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/key-world-energy-statistics-2020/transformation" rel="noopener" target="_blank">refining capacity</a>, is the world’s fourth-largest <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://worldsteel.org/steel-topics/statistics/world-steel-in-figures-2023/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">steelmaker</a>,
and is (by far) the world’s biggest aerospace exporter. But how many
people check to see where their gasoline was produced or which country
assembled the airplane flying them to far-flung locations?"</p><p>"Policy-makers, for example, would do well to consider Slade’s
description of a zipper manufacturer — one of American Roots’ suppliers —
that had to shutter some of its more labor-intensive production lines
following a minimum-wage increase."</p><p>"There are currently <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/JTS3000JOL" rel="noopener" target="_blank">over 600,000</a> open positions in manufacturing, which is a big reason why the sector’s trade association <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://nam.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/IIHR.ImmigrationReform.Report.October2022.Web_.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">supports</a>
expanded immigration. For all the talk one hears about the need to
promote manufacturing, often given less attention is the fact that many
Americans have little desire for such work."</p><p>"Dollars sent overseas later return to U.S. communities via exports and
foreign investment. Additionally, savings from lower-priced imports are
invested or spent elsewhere in the economy and the added competition
from foreign goods helps spur innovation and productivity gains. All of
this benefits the U.S. economy."</p><p>"<a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/cea_trade_report_final_non-embargoed.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">approximately half</a> of all imports consist of inputs used by U.S. firms to produce final goods"</p><p>"Surveying the vast quantities of imported goods being offloaded in the
ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, the author comments that they
reflect “how extensively Americans had exported their economy.” More
accurately, the bounty is a tribute to American prosperity and
significant increases in both <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LES1252881600Q" rel="noopener" target="_blank">median wages</a> and <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MEHOINUSA646N" rel="noopener" target="_blank">median household income</a> over the last 30 years."</p><p>"</p><p>The author’s analytical errors are compounded by factual ones. On
page 4, for example, Slade states that the 13 million workers employed
in manufacturing earned an average salary of $96,000. Government data
place average hourly manufacturing wages <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CEU3000000003" rel="noopener" target="_blank">at $33.39</a> as of last month, or approximately $69,000 per year assuming a 40-hour work week. Not bad, but a far cry from $96,000.</p>
<p>Other odd claims also crop up. Six pages later, Slade writes that
when she was growing up in the 1980s, U.S. exports dropped. For a few
years, they did. But over the decade’s entire span, U.S. exports <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/EXPGS" rel="noopener" target="_blank">doubled</a>.
In another chapter, she states that the Jones Act’s passage in 1920
“spawned a shipbuilding spree from which American manufacturing would
benefit immensely.” In fact, shipbuilding went into a <a data-testid="standard-link" href="https://twitter.com/cpgrabow/status/1480973573875544069" rel="noopener" target="_blank">prolonged slump</a>.</p>
<p>Some claims seem dubious — such as that Alexander Hamilton lobbied
for a forerunner to the Jones Act — but checking their veracity is a
frustrating exercise as neither footnotes nor endnotes are provided. (My
own research into Hamilton turned up nothing to support the claim,
while a query sent to the author on the matter elicited no response.)"</p></blockquote><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-27049917926524018962024-03-27T08:15:00.000-07:002024-03-27T08:15:55.312-07:00Annual working hours per worker<p>In the United States in 1950 annual hours worked were 1,989. In 2017 it was 1,757. <b><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-working-hours-per-worker?"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">From Our World in Data</span></a></b>.</p><p></p><blockquote>"Average working hours per worker over an entire year. Before 1950 the data corresponds only tofull-time production workers (non-agricultural activities). Starting in 1950 estimates cover total hoursworked in the economy as measured primarily from National Accounts data."</blockquote><p></p><p><img alt="" height="199" src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="392" /></p><p><b><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-working-hours-per-worker?time=1950..latest&country=~USA"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Click here to see a graph just for the U.S.</span></a></b></p><p><img alt="" height="241" src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="385" /></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-4447972603685444702024-03-26T11:20:00.000-07:002024-03-26T11:20:27.836-07:00Staying in New York Is Trickier and Often Pricier Since the Airbnb Crackdown<p><i>With hotel costs up and fewer short-term rentals available, out-of-towners work harder for viable lodging options</i></p><p><b><a href="https://www.wsj.com/lifestyle/travel/airbnb-new-york-hotels-short-term-rentals-law-802b484e"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Allison Pohle of The Wall Street Journal</span></a></b>. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph"></p><blockquote><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">"Finding lodging in New York City has grown more complex, and often more costly, in the six months since the city <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.wsj.com/lifestyle/travel/airbnb-new-york-city-laws-rentals-2950904e" rel="">began its crackdown on</a> Airbnbs and other short-term rentals.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The
number of available short-term Airbnbs has plunged by over 15,000,
according to an analysis by market-research firm AirDNA. Travelers
considering an <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="phrase" href="https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/ABNB">Airbnb</a>
stay say they are wary of rules requiring them to share living quarters
with their hosts and aren’t sure if the place they are considering is
legal. And visitors turning to hotels are encountering high prices due,
in part, to less competition."</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">"Airbnb rental hosts with registered, legal listings say their bookings have fallen off, forcing them to drop rates."</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">"Last September city officials began requiring most short-term rental
operators to obtain licenses, a move that led thousands of Airbnb hosts
across the five boroughs to pull their listings from the platform."</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">"To qualify to offer a legal listing, hosts can’t rent an entire
apartment or home, even if they own it, like most Airbnb hosts do. They
can host no more than two guests in the space and must be present during
the stay.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">New York City hotels experienced a strong 2023 that is continuing into this year, says Jan Freitag, national director for hospitality market analytics for </p><div style="display: unset;"><a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="phrase" href="https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/CSGP">CoStar</a></div>,
a data firm. City hotels charged $393 a night on average in December, a
peak time to visit, according to figures from CoStar, up from $355 in
December 2022. <p></p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">In
December 2023, entire homes or apartments listed on Airbnb and Vrbo for
under 30 days averaged about $404 a night, compared with $365 a night
the previous year, according to AirDNA. Private rooms averaged $157 in
December 2023, compared with $160 in December 2022, the AirDNA data
show. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The
data accounts for under 1,600 properties listed both this February and
the year before—a small number largely due to the city’s crackdown.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Less
competition for guests from Airbnb is one of several reasons behind
higher hotel prices, Freitag and other lodging analysts say."</p><p></p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">"A market of unregistered listings has proliferated on third-party sites in the past six months"</p></blockquote><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph"> </p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-16227277936506397792024-03-26T11:13:00.000-07:002024-03-26T11:13:21.395-07:00All the President’s Medicare Taxes<p><i>Including state taxes, tax rates under Biden would hit nearly 60%.</i></p><p><b><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/president-biden-budget-taxes-medicare-white-house-75755b20"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">WSJ editorial</span></a></b>. </p><p></p><blockquote><p>"President Biden isn’t shy about saying he wants to tax the rich even
more than he already does, but the extent of his plans aren’t widely
known because the press ignores them. Our job is to keep you informed on
those details, and the confiscatory rates on income and capital they
add up to.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Consider
the plan in the new White House budget to “save” Medicare, which will
soon hit a wall. The budget claims to extend the Medicare hospital
insurance trust fund indefinitely by “modestly increasing the Medicare
tax rate on incomes above $400,000” and “closing loopholes in existing
Medicare taxes.” That depends on how you define “modestly.”</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Recall
that ObamaCare increased the 2.9% Medicare tax on wage income of
married couples earning more than $250,000 ($200,000 singles) by 0.9
percentage points. It also imposed a 3.8% surcharge on their investment
earnings. However, the law exempted owners and partners in pass-through
businesses from the surtax on profit distributions. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Progressives
say many accountants, lawyers and white-collar professionals are
skirting taxes because they benefit from this exemption. But so do many
plumbers, farmers and mom-and-pop shop owners. The Biden budget would
eliminate the exemption and ostensibly apply the 3.8% tax to
pass-through income of more than $200,000. Didn’t Mr. Biden promise not
to raise taxes on Americans earning less than $400,000?</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Mr.
Biden also wants to increase this surtax on earned and unearned income
to 5% for couples earning more than $450,000 ($400,000 singles). On top
of that, he calls for raising the top rate on ordinary income to 39.6%
from 37%. This would raise the top effective marginal rate to 44.6%, and
it would kick in at $450,000 instead of the current $693,751.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Add
it all up, and small businesses would see the top rate increase by 7.6
percentage points, or about 20%. This isn’t a modest tax increase, Mr.
President. Proprietors will have less money to reinvest, and the higher
rate is a disincentive to grow a business. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">It
gets worse. Mr. Biden also wants to apply the top 44.6% rate to capital
gains for anyone earning more than $1 million—effectively doubling the
current 23.8% tax on capital gains. This wouldn’t slam only the rich in
Greenwich, Conn. It would wallop Americans who sell their businesses
after decades of building equity.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Pile
on state income taxes—which reach as high as 14.8% in New York City and
13.3% in California—and many Americans would pay nearly 60% of their
income to the tax man. That’s a higher top rate than in nearly every
developed country, including Canada (53.5%), Italy (52.2%) and Sweden
(52.2%).</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The
White House economic wizards don’t believe that higher tax rates affect
decisions to work and invest. Like the President, they must not get out
much. Doubling the tax rate on capital is a sure way to get less
capital investment, which means less economic growth.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">And
don’t believe the White House pitch that its tax increases will keep
Medicare solvent. They’d raise only $1.3 trillion or so over the next
decade. Medicare will spend about $1 trillion this year. Leaders of both
parties oppose Medicare reform, so higher taxes on the middle class and
medical-care rationing are on the way. They’d start in Mr. Biden’s
second term."</p></blockquote>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-9710914352357111462024-03-26T10:54:00.000-07:002024-03-26T10:54:51.754-07:00GDPR & European Innovation Culture: What the Evidence Shows<p><b><a href="https://medium.com/@AdamThierer/gdrp-european-innovation-culture-what-the-economic-evidence-shows-b19d2309de07"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Adam Thierer</span></a></b>. Excerpt:</p><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="b739"></p><blockquote><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="b739">"In an earlier essay, I explored “<a class="af nj" href="https://techliberation.com/2022/08/01/why-the-future-of-ai-will-not-be-invented-in-europe/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Why the Future of AI Will Not Be Invented in Europe</a>”
and argued that, “there is no doubt that European competitiveness is
suffering today and that excessive regulation plays a fairly significant
role in causing it.” This essay summarizes some of the major academic
literature that leads to that conclusion.</p><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="1f26">Since
the mid-1990s, the European Union has been layering on highly
restrictive policies governing online data collection and use. The most
significant of the E.U.’s recent mandates is the 2018 <a class="af nj" href="https://gdpr.eu/what-is-gdpr/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">General Data Protection Regulation</a>
(GDPR). This regulation established even more stringent rules related
to the protection of personal data, the movement thereof, and limits
what organizations can do with data. Data minimization is the major
priority of this system, but there are many different types of
restrictions and reporting requirements involved in the regulatory
scheme. This policy framework also has ramifications for the future of
next-generation technologies, especially <a class="af nj" href="https://medium.com/@AdamThierer/artificial-intelligence-primer-definitions-benefits-policy-challenges-4c20a1fcf465" rel="noopener">artificial intelligence and machine learning systems</a>, which rely on high-quality data sets to improve their efficacy.</p><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="b456">Whether
or not the E.U.’s complicated regulatory regime has actually resulted
in truly meaningful privacy protections for European citizens relative
to people in other countries remains open to debate. It is very
difficult to measure and compare highly subjective values like privacy
across countries and cultures. This makes <a class="af nj" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2309995" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">benefit-cost analysis for privacy regulation</a> extremely challenging — especially on the benefits side of the equation.</p><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="239c">What
is no longer up for debate, however, is the cost side of the equation
and the question of what sort of consequences the GDPR has had on
business formation, competition, investment, and so on. On these
matters, standardized metrics exist and the economic evidence is
abundantly clear: the GDPR has been a disaster for Europe.</p><h1 class="nk nl gt be nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="973a"><strong class="al">Summary of Major Studies on Impact of EU Data Regulation</strong></h1><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo oi mq mr ms oj mu mv mw ok my mz na ol nc nd ne om ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="7710">Consider
the impact of E.U. data controls on business startups and market
structure. GDPR and other regulations greatly limit the flow of data to
innovative upstarts who need it most to compete, leaving only the
largest companies who can afford to comply to control most of the
market. Benjamin Mueller of ITIF <a class="af nj" href="https://datainnovation.org/2021/04/is-the-eu-doing-enough-to-address-europes-digital-investment-shortfall" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">notes</a>
that it is already the case that just “two of the world’s 30 largest
technology firms by market capitalization are from the EU,” and only “5
of the 100 most promising AI startups are based in Europe,” while
private funding of AI startups in Europe for 2020 ($4 billion) was
dwarfed by US ($36 billion) and China ($25 billion). These issues are
even more pressing as the E.U. looks to advance <a class="af nj" href="https://thehill.com/opinion/technology/3569151-why-is-the-us-following-the-eus-lead-on-artificial-intelligence-regulation/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">a new AI Act</a>, which would layer on still more regulatory restrictions.</p><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="ce14">In
concrete terms, this has meant that the E.U. came away from the digital
revolution with “the complete absence of superstar companies,” <a class="af nj" href="https://www.ft.com/content/2e33a29f-b619-4623-82af-2ad352bba898" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">argue competition policy experts Nicolas Petit and David Teece</a>.
There are no European versions of Microsoft, Google, or Apple, even
though Europeans clearly demand the sort of products and services those
US-based companies provide. Entrepreneurialism scholar <a class="af nj" href="https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/54427/978-3-030-94273-1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Zoltan Acs asks</a>: “What has been the outcome of E.U. policy in limiting entrepreneurial activity over recent decades?” His conclusion:</p><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="6dba">It
is immediately clear… that the United States and China dominate the
platform landscape. Based on the market value of top companies, the
United States alone represents 66% of the world’s platform economy with
41 of the top 100 companies. European platform-based companies play a
marginal role, with only 3% of market value.</p></blockquote><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="2c26">Several
recent studies have documented the costs associated with the GDPR and
the E.U.’s heavy-handed approach to data flows more generally. Here is a
rundown of some of the academic evidence and a summary of the major
findings from these studies.</p><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="136a">Damien Geradin, Theano Karanikioti, and Dimitrios Katsifis, “<a class="af nj" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17441056.2020.1848059" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">GDPR Myopia: How a Well-intended Regulation Ended up Favouring Large Online Platforms — The Case of Ad Tech</a>,” <em class="oq">European Competition Journal</em>, December 18, 2020.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="7c31">“There
is a growing body of economic literature and commentary showing that
the costs of implementing the GDPR benefit large online platforms, and
that consent-based data collection <strong class="mn gu">gives a competitive advantage to firms offering a range of consumer-facing products compared to smaller market actors</strong>. This in turn <strong class="mn gu">increases concentration</strong> in a number of digital markets where access to data is important, by <strong class="mn gu">creating barriers to entry or encouraging market exit</strong>.” (p. 2–3)</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c52e">Chinchih Chen, Carl Benedikt Frey, and Giorgio Presidente, “<a class="af nj" href="https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/Privacy-Regulation-and-Firm-Performance-Giorgio-WP-Upload-2022-1.pdf" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Privacy Regulation and Firm Performance: Estimating the GDPR Effect Globally</a>,” Working Paper №2022–1.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="8d3b">“this
paper examines how privacy regulation shaped firm performance in a
large sample of companies across 61 countries and 34 industries.
Controlling for firm and country-industry-year unobserved
characteristics, we compare the outcomes of firms at different levels of
exposure to EU markets, before and after the enforcement of the GDPR in
2018. We find that enhanced data protection <strong class="mn gu">had the unintended consequence of reducing the financial performance of companies targeting European consumers</strong>. Across our full sample, firms exposed to the regulation experienced a 8% decline in profits, and a 2% reduction in sales. <strong class="mn gu">An exception is large technology companies</strong>, which were relatively unaffected by the regulation on both performance measures. Meanwhile, we find the <strong class="mn gu">negative impact on profits among small technology companies to be almost double the average</strong> effect across our full sample. Following several robustness tests and placebo regressions, we conclude that the GDPR has had <strong class="mn gu">significant negative impacts on firm performance in general, and on small companies in particular</strong>.” (p. 1)</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="01b1">Garrett Johnson, Scott Shriver, and Samuel Goldberg, “<a class="af nj" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3477686" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Privacy & Market Concentration: Intended & Unintended Consequences of the GDPR</a>,” January 31, 2022.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c72f">“We show that <strong class="mn gu">websites’
vendor use falls after the European Union’s General Data Protection
Regulation (GDPR), but that market concentration also increases among
technology vendors that provide support services to websites</strong>.
We collect panel data on the web technology vendors selected by more
than 27,000 top websites internationally. The week after the GDPR’s
enforcement, website use of web technology vendors falls by 15% for EU
residents. <strong class="mn gu">Websites are more likely to drop smaller vendors, which increases the relative concentration</strong>
of the vendor market by 17%. Increased concentration predominantly
arises among vendors that use personal data such as cookies, and from
the increased relative shares of Facebook and Google-owned vendors, but
not from website consent requests. Though the aggregate changes in
vendor use and vendor concentration dissipate by the end of 2018, we
find that the GDPR impact persists in the advertising vendor category
most scrutinized by regulators. Our findings shed light on potential
explanations for the <strong class="mn gu">sudden drop and subsequent rebound in vendor usage</strong>.” (p. 1)</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="6f0c">Michal Gal and Oshrit Aviv, “<a class="af nj" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3548444" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">The Competitive Effects of the GDPR</a>,” <em class="oq">Journal of Competition Law and Economics, </em>2020.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="7124">“<strong class="mn gu">GDPR creates inherent tradeoffs between data protection and other dimensions of welfare, including competition and innovation</strong>.
While some of these effects were acknowledged when constructing the
legal data regime, many were disregarded. Furthermore, the magnitude and
breadth of such effects may well constitute an <strong class="mn gu">unintended and unheeded welfare-reducing consequence</strong>.
As this article shows, the GDPR limits competition and increases
concentration in data and data-related markets, and potentially
strengthens large data controllers. It also <strong class="mn gu">further reinforces the already existing barriers to data sharing</strong>
in the EU, thereby potentially reducing data synergies that might
result from combining different datasets controlled by separate
entities.” (pp. 3–4)</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="e513">Rebecca Janßen, Reinhold Kesler, Michael E. Kummer and Joel Waldfogel, “<a class="af nj" href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w30028" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">GDPR and the Lost Generation of Innovative Apps</a>,” <em class="oq">NBER Working Paper </em>30028, May 2022.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="ab2e">“Using data on 4.1 million apps at the Google Play Store from 2016 to 2019, we document that GDPR <strong class="mn gu">induced the exit of about a third of available apps</strong>;
and in the quarters following implementation, entry of new apps fell by
half. We estimate a structural model of demand and entry in the app
market. Comparing long-run equilibria with and without GDPR, we find
that <strong class="mn gu">GDPR reduces consumer surplus and aggregate
app usage by about a third. Whatever the privacy benefits of GDPR, they
come at substantial costs in foregone innovation</strong>.”</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="f697">Julia Schmitt, Klaus M. Miller, and Bernd Skiera, “<a class="af nj" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3774110" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">The Impact of Privacy Laws on Online User Behavior</a>,” HEC Paris Research Paper No MKG-2021–1437, November 2022.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="e077">“this
paper empirically quantifies the effects of the enforcement of the EU’s
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) on online user behavior over
time, analyzing data from 6,286 websites spanning 24 industries during
the 10 months before and 18 months after the GDPR’s enforcement in 2018.
A panel differences estimator, with a synthetic control group approach,
isolates the short- and long-term effects of the GDPR on user behavior.
The results show that, on average, <strong class="mn gu">the GDPR’s
effects on user quantity and usage intensity are negative; e.g., the
numbers of total visits to a website decrease by 4.9% and 10% due to
GDPR in respectively the short- and long-term. These effects could
translate into average revenue losses of $7 million for e-commerce
websites and almost $2.5 million for ad-based websites 18 months after
GDPR</strong>. The GDPR’s effects vary across websites, with some
industries even benefiting from it; moreover, more-popular websites
suffer less, suggesting that the GDPR increased market concentration.”</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="590a">Yu Zhao, Pinar Yildirim, and Pradeep Chintagunta, “<a class="af nj" href="https://conference.nber.org/conf_papers/f160434.pdf" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Privacy Regulations and Online Search Friction: Evidence from GDPR</a>,” August 2021.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="b445">“This
paper investigates the impact of the General Data Protection Regulation
(GDPR for short) on consumers’ online browsing and search behavior
using consumer panels from four countries, United Kingdom, Spain, United
States, and Brazil. We find that after GDPR, a panelist exposed to GDPR
submits 21.6% more search terms to access information and browses 16.3%
more pages to access consumer goods and services compared to a
non-exposed panelist, indicating higher friction in online search. The
implications of increased friction are heterogeneous across firms:
Bigger e-commerce firms see an increase in consumer traffic and more
online transactions. The increase in the number of transactions at large
websites is about 6 times the increase experienced by smaller firms. <strong class="mn gu">Overall,
the post-GDPR online environment may be less competitive for online
retailers and may be more difficult for EU consumers to navigate through</strong>.”</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="b113">Paul C. Bauer, Frederic Gerdon, Florian Keusch, Frauke Kreuter, and David Vannette, “<a class="af nj" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1927138?scroll=top&needAccess=true&role=tab" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Did the GDPR Increase Trust in Data Collectors? Evidence from Observational and Experimental dat</a>a,” May 2021.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="a2db">“Privacy
regulations should increase trust because they provide laws that
increase transparency and allow for punishment in cases in which the
trustee violates trust. […] We collected survey panel data in Germany
around the implementation date and ran a survey experiment with a GDPR
information treatment. <strong class="mn gu">Our observational and experimental evidence does not support the hypothesis that the GDPR has positively affected trust</strong>.
This finding and our discussion of the underlying reasons are relevant
for the wider research field of trust, privacy, and big data.”</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li class="ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni or os ot bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="1d21">Christian Peukert , Stefan Bechtold, Michail Batikas, and Tobias Kretschmer, “<a class="af nj" href="https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mksc.2021.1339" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Regulatory Spillovers and Data Governance: Evidence from the GDPR</a>,” <em class="oq">Marketing Science</em>, Vol. 41, №4, July-August 2022, pp. 746–768.</li></ul><blockquote class="on oo op"><p class="ml mm oq mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="9415">“We follow more than 110,000 websites and their third-party HTTP requests for 12 months before and 6 months <strong class="mn gu">after the GDPR became effective and show that websites substantially reduced their interactions with web technology providers</strong>.
Importantly, this also holds for websites not legally bound by the
GDPR. These changes are especially pronounced among less popular
websites and regarding the collection of personal data. We document <strong class="mn gu">an increase in market concentration in web technology services after the introduction of the GDPR</strong>:
Although all firms suffer losses, the largest vendor — Google — loses
relatively less and significantly increases market share in important
markets such as advertising and analytics. Our findings contribute to
the discussion on how regulating privacy, artificial intelligence and
other areas of data governance relate to data minimization, regulatory
competition, and market structure.”</p></blockquote><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="cb87">William Rinehart of the Center for Growth and Opportunity <a class="af nj" href="https://www.thecgo.org/benchmark/what-is-the-cost-of-privacy-legislation/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">has compiled and summarized</a>
many additional studies that document the costs associated with
restrictions on data, including many state privacy laws imposed in the
United States.</p><h1 class="nk nl gt be nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="18be"><strong class="al">“The Biggest Loser”: Innovation Culture Gone Wrong</strong></h1><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo oi mq mr ms oj mu mv mw ok my mz na ol nc nd ne om ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="ca5e">Taken together, <a class="af nj" href="https://www.realclearmarkets.com/articles/2022/08/22/competition_protects_consumers_not_protection_from_government_849073.html" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">this evidence makes it clear</a>
that, “Well-meaning privacy laws can have the unintended consequence of
penalizing smaller companies within technology markets.” It can also
have broader geopolitical ramifications for continental competitive
advantage and engagement between countries. Some have argued that the
United Kingdom’s so-called “Brexit” from the EU can be viewed as not
only an effort to reclaim its sovereignty but more specifically “<a class="af nj" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-and-u-k-can-set-a-standard-for-trade-11588699265" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">to escape its crippling regulatory structure</a>.” The E.U.’s approach to emerging technology regulation likely had some bearing on this. <a class="af nj" href="https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/54427/978-3-030-94273-1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Acs argues</a>
that Britain’s move was logical, “because E.U. regulations were holding
back the U.K.’s strong DPE (digital platform economy).” “If the United
Kingdom was to realize its economic potential,” he says, “it had to
extricate itself from the European Union,” due to the growing
“dysfunctional E.U. bureaucracy.”"</p></blockquote><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ml mm gt mn b mo oi mq mr ms oj mu mv mw ok my mz na ol nc nd ne om ng nh ni gm bj" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="ca5e"></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-52555383026875486352024-03-25T08:23:00.000-07:002024-03-25T08:23:55.400-07:00Why Private Developers Are Rejecting Government Money for Affordable Housing<p><i>Complex in Los Angeles for formerly homeless costs less than half as much as buildings financed with public money</i></p><p><b><a href="https://www.wsj.com/real-estate/private-developers-affordable-housing-public-funds-3b779780"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Christine Mai-Duc and Will Parker of The Wall Street Journal</span></a></b>. Excerpts:</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"State
and local governments in California have committed tens of billions of
dollars to build more affordable housing. A new complex for some of the
neediest low-income people doesn’t use any of it.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">By
forgoing government assistance and the many regulations and
requirements that come with it, SDS Capital Group said the 49-unit
apartment building it is financing in South Los Angeles will cost about
$291,000 a unit to build.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The
roughly 4,500 apartments for low-income people that have been built
with funding from a $1.2 billion bond measure L.A. voters approved in
2016 have cost an average of $600,000 each.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Across California, efforts to address the <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/california-homeless-population-oakland-wood-street-encampment-78d42cc3" rel="">homelessness crisis</a> by building more affordable housing with government money have been plagued by <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.wsj.com/real-estate/housing-affordable-building-real-estate-db1d696e" rel="">sky-high costs</a>.
A recent report commissioned by the city of San Jose found
affordable-housing projects that received tax credits cost an average of
around $939,000 a unit to build there last year."</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">"After
L.A. voters approved the 2016 bond measure intended to reduce
homelessness, the number of people living on the streets grew 60% to
46,260 people last year. California is home to more than 181,000
homeless individuals, roughly a third of the <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/homelessness-increasing-united-states-housing-costs-e1990ac7" rel="">national total</a>.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Publicly
funded affordable housing must typically be built with labor agreements
that dictate construction wages and working conditions, as well as
energy-efficiency standards. Funding often comes from a variety of
agencies, each of which has its own set of approvals and regulations
that can slow construction and add to costs."</p></blockquote><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph"></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-18599530081991533312024-03-25T08:19:00.000-07:002024-03-25T08:19:41.290-07:00The Government, Big Tech and Free Speech, Round Two<p><i>The Supreme Court considers if government can coerce social-media platforms to censor content it doesn’t like.</i></p><p><b><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-government-big-tech-and-free-speech-round-two-supreme-court-264ff24b"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">WSJ editorial</span></a></b>. </p><p></p><blockquote><p>"The Supreme Court is back on the First Amendment beat Monday when it
hears cases asking whether government officials can jawbone businesses
to restrict speech. It seems government needs remedial constitutional
training.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">In <em class="css-i6hrxa-Italic e1ofiv6m0" data-type="emphasis">Murthy v. Missouri</em>,
states and individuals whose posts on Covid were censored sued federal
officials for violating the First Amendment. Lower courts ruled for the
plaintiffs based on copious evidence that government officials pressured
social-media platforms to suppress their posts. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Former White House director of digital strategy Rob Flaherty and Covid adviser Andy Slavitt flagged posts for removal to social-media employees and berated them if they didn’t follow orders. </p><div style="display: unset;"><a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="phrase" href="https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/META">Facebook</a></div> is “hiding the ball” on its efforts to combat vaccine “borderline content,” Mr. Flaherty wrote in one email. <p></p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Mr.
Flaherty also blamed Facebook for the Jan. 6, 2021, riot and said it
would be blamed for Covid deaths if it didn’t increase censorship. “I
care mostly about what actions and changes you are making to ensure
you’re not making our country’s vaccine hesitancy problem worse,” Mr.
Flaherty wrote.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Officials reinforced these private lashings with public threats. Former White House press secretary Jen Psaki
said platforms could face “legal consequences” if they didn’t censor
vaccine “misinformation.” White House officials floated antitrust action
and eliminating Section 230 liability protections. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The
Justice Department claims this bullying is merely government speech
protected by the First Amendment. “So long as the government seeks to
inform and persuade rather than to compel, its speech poses no First
Amendment concern—even if government officials state their views in
strong terms,” the Solicitor General writes. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">But
Biden officials weren’t merely out to persuade. The Fifth Circuit Court
of Appeals concluded that Biden officials crossed the line by using
threats of legal action. The appellate judges cited the Supreme Court’s <em class="css-i6hrxa-Italic e1ofiv6m0" data-type="emphasis">Blum</em>
(1982) precedent, which held that government is responsible for actions
of private parties when it provides “significant encouragement,”
meaning “‘[s]omething more’ than uninvolved oversight from the
government.” </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The Fifth Circuit also cited <em class="css-i6hrxa-Italic e1ofiv6m0" data-type="emphasis">Bantam Books </em>(1963),
in which a Rhode Island state-created commission asked book
distributors and retailers for their “cooperation” in removing books it
deemed objectionable. Police followed up with retailers to ensure they
complied. The commission said it was merely exhorting booksellers.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">But
the Justices held that the government had violated the publishers’
speech rights. They analyzed the tone and phrasing of the commission’s
exhortations as well as government’s legal authority and threat to
punish distributors. Much as the Rhode Island commission’s notices were
“phrased virtually as orders,” so were the Biden team’s communications
with platforms.</p><h4 class="css-x7rthh-Smallhed e1oou4m30" data-type="hed">***</h4><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The second case the Court hears Monday (<em class="css-i6hrxa-Italic e1ofiv6m0" data-type="emphasis">NRA v. Vullo</em>)
concerns whether the First Amendment allows government officials to
threaten sanctions against regulated entities that do business with a
political advocacy group they don’t like. The obvious answer is no, but
New York says jawboning is protected government speech.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">In 2018 New York state’s then Superintendent of the Department of Financial Services, Maria Vullo,
directed financial institutions she regulated to stop doing business
with gun-rights groups. Her letters “encourage[d]” financial
institutions to evaluate and manage the “reputational risks” of doing
business with the groups.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">She
also threatened financial institutions with penalties for unrelated
regulatory infractions, which she said they could escape if they severed
ties with the National Rifle Association. Nice business you have there.
Terrible if something happens to it.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Drawing on <em class="css-i6hrxa-Italic e1ofiv6m0" data-type="emphasis">Bantam Books, </em>a
federal judge said Ms. Vullo’s threats plausibly violated the First
Amendment by punishing the NRA’s advocacy. But the Second Circuit Court
of Appeals held that Ms. Vullo acted properly within her remit as a
regulator. That ruling is a license for partisans to abuse their
regulatory power to silence opponents. Texas’s medical licensing board
could, say, threaten to yank licenses of doctors who donate to
pro-abortion groups. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">A
bedrock constitutional principle holds that government can’t coerce
private parties to do what government cannot do on its own. The High
Court on Monday can reaffirm this emphatically."</p></blockquote><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph"></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-37105015287069061702024-03-24T18:35:00.000-07:002024-03-24T18:35:08.523-07:00No, the SAT Isn’t Racist<p><b><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/14/opinion/sat-college-admissions-antiracism.html"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By John McWhorter</span></a></b>. Excerpts:</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"lately, evidence has <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/07/why-university-california-dropping-sat/619522/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">mounted</a>, <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/07/briefing/the-misguided-war-on-the-sat.html" title="">steadily</a>,
that the SAT is in fact useful in demonstrating students’ abilities
regardless of their economic backgrounds or the quality of their high
schools. Some studies show scores correlate with student performance in
college more strongly than high-school grades, and that without the
standardized test data it is harder to identify Black, Latino and
lower-income white kids who would likely thrive in elite universities." <br /></p><p>"the <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.heritage.org/education/commentary/carranzas-ideology-insults-the-people-he-claims-help" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">idea</a>
getting around in the education school world and beyond that it is
“white” to cherish hard work, objectivity, the written word and
punctuality."</p><p>"this sense of which whitenesses Black
people will supposedly struggle with — math, objectivity, etc. — is the
seedbed of university departments’ current conviction that attracting
more Black majors and graduate students means loosening requirements.
Hence <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/06/princeton-classics-major-latin-greek/619110/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">classics without Greek or Latin</a>, musicology without playing an instrument and physics without “<a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/704991" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">white empiricism</a>.”</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">The
people promulgating ideas like these are well intentioned. They think
of themselves as clearing away outdated notions of merit, which
sometimes do bear re-examination. But all of it together constitutes a
general cultural mood that alarms me. The SAT as racist, objectivity as
white privilege, making academic training easier to attract Black majors
and graduate students — there is a family relationship between them.
Namely, an assumption that it is graceless or unfair to require Black
people to grapple with detail, solve puzzles and make sense of the
unfamiliar. At least, we are not to be expected to engage in such things
nearly as much as, say, white people.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">But what is Blackness, then, if not these
“white” things? It would seem that the idea is that we are a Dionysian
people, given to intuition over deduction. (Perhaps this also includes a
certain relationship to rhythm?) In any case, we apparently shine
especially bright when we offer our “lived experiences,” most valuably
when they concern our oppression.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">I’m
sorry, but I find this a diminished, not to mention depressing, and
downright boring racial self-image. It just doesn’t correspond with so
very much that Black people do, and are, and seek and always have."</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">"I just cannot square a conception of Blackness that includes those
people while asserting that exactitude is white, or that submitting
Black people to standardized tests is a racist microaggression. No
coherent admissions assessment would use the SAT as the sole measure of
an applicant’s potential. However, the elimination of such tests from
the process is less a favor to than an insult leveled against Black
intelligence. I am glad to see the fashion fade."</p></blockquote><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0"></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-87575213505853824092024-03-24T18:26:00.000-07:002024-03-24T18:26:28.316-07:00Covid Lessons Learned, Four Years Later<p><i>Mandatory lockdowns had almost no benefit—but did significant economic and health-related damage</i></p><p><b><a href=" https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-lessons-learned-four-years-later-596a9fa9"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> By Scott W. Atlas and Steve H. Hanke</span></a></b>. Excerpts:</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph"></p><blockquote><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">"The Covid health benefits of mandatory lockdowns were tiny. Lockdowns in the U.S. prevented between 4,000 and <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://iea.org.uk/publications/did-lockdowns-work-the-verdict-on-covid-restrictions/" rel="" target="_blank">16,000 Covid deaths</a>. In an average year <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/past-seasons.html" rel="" target="_blank">37,000 Americans</a>
die from the flu, according to the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention. Lockdowns also failed to reduce infections more than a
trivial amount, in part because people voluntarily alter their behavior
when a bad bug is in the air. Coercive government policies generated few
benefits—and massive costs. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Public-health
agencies exacerbated the damage by failing to keep their heads and
follow standard pandemic-management protocols. Before 2020, it was
recognized that communities respond best to pandemics when government
measures are only minimally disruptive. During Covid, however, officials
junked that practice by green-lighting restrictive practices and
intentionally stoking fear. That response overlaid enormous economic,
social, educational and health harms on top of those caused by the
virus.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Those
harms are captured, in part, in excess deaths—the number beyond what
would have been expected without a pandemic. Non-Covid excess deaths
from lockdowns, the shutdown of non-Covid medical care, and societal
panic are estimated at nearly <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36523146/" rel="" target="_blank">100,000</a>
between April 2020 and at least the end of 2021. The number of lockdown
and societal-disruption deaths since 2020 is likely around 400,000, as
much as 100 times the number of Covid deaths the lockdowns prevented.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The
best measure of health performance during the pandemic is all-cause
excess mortality, which captures the overall number of deaths relative
to the expected level, encompassing Covid and lockdown-related deaths.
On this measure Sweden—which kept most schools open and avoided strict
lockdown orders—outperformed nearly every country in the world.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">A recent <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2309557120" rel="" target="_blank">study</a>
published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found
that the U.S. “would have had 1.60 million fewer deaths if it had the
performance of Sweden, 1.07 million fewer deaths if it had the
performance of Finland, and 0.91 million fewer deaths if it had the
performance of France.” In America, states that imposed prolonged
lockdowns had no better health outcomes when measured by all-cause
excess mortality than those that stayed open. While no quantifiable
relationship between lockdown severity and a reduction in Covid health
harms has been found, states with severe lockdowns suffered
significantly worse <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://paragoninstitute.org/public-health/freedom-wins/" rel="" target="_blank">economic outcomes</a>.</p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Closing
hospitals and cutting off access to non-Covid healthcare generated a
fear of entering medical facilities. That was a profound mistake, as was
encouraging the false belief that hospitals were too busy to treat
people who needed care. Healthcare utilization rates were at low levels
between 2020 and 2022. In spring 2020, nearly half of the nation’s some
650,000 chemotherapy patients didn’t get treatment, and 85% of living
organ transplants weren’t completed. One study found that there were
35.6% fewer calls for cardiac emergencies after March 10, 2020, compared
with the year prior. Emergency-room visits were <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/05/06/850454989/eerie-emptiness-of-ers-worries-doctors-where-are-the-heart-attacks-and-strokes" rel="" target="_blank">down</a>
between 40% and 50%, according to an estimate in May 2020. That
doubtless contributed to observed non-Covid excess deaths and may
continue to do so, as Americans suffer from undetected cancers and other
long-term conditions. Healthcare uptake is still lower than
pre-pandemic levels. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">The
economic costs of lockdowns were also staggering. According to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, as many as 49 million Americans were out of
work in May 2020. This shock had health consequences. A <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w28304/w28304.pdf" rel="" target="_blank">National Bureau of Economic Research study</a>
found that the lockdown unemployment shock is projected to result in
840,000 to 1.22 million excess deaths over the next 15 to 20 years,
disproportionately killing women and minorities. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">Perhaps
the worst policy error was prolonged school closings. Learning loss for
children, especially in poor families, is already showing up in reduced
standardized-test scores. These losses will affect earnings for
decades. By one estimate today’s children will lose $17 trillion in
lifetime earnings owing to school closings. They may also suffer shorter
life expectancy, which is linked to income and educational attainment. </p><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph">While school closings had no offsetting public-health benefits, the
attendant isolation led to massive increases in psychiatric illness,
self-harm, obesity and substance abuse. Healthy children were always at
vanishingly small risk from Covid, and nearly all of them were infected
at some point anyway, according to CDC data. Like a regressive tax,
these harms were severest for lower-income and minority students."</p></blockquote><p class="css-k3zb6l-Paragraph e1e4oisd0" data-type="paragraph"></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-78012616482011472012024-03-23T11:13:00.000-07:002024-03-23T11:13:48.418-07:00America’s Destructive Welfare State<p> <b><a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2024/03/18/americas-destructive-welfare-state/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Dan Mitchell</span></a></b>.</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"If I want to educate someone about the <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2016/07/18/thomas-sowell-on-the-economics-of-redistribution-quicksand-at-one-end-and-beatings-at-the-other-end/">harmful impact</a> of America’s counterproductive <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2011/10/03/new-video-shows-the-war-on-poverty-is-a-failure/">welfare state</a>, there are several items I like to share.</p><p>
A <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2015/11/06/in-one-image-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-washington-created-welfare-state/">complex and crowded flowchart</a> of various Washington programs to redistribute money.</p><ul><li>A <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2015/07/05/learning-valuable-lessons-from-history-on-how-to-reduce-poverty/">chart showing that poverty stopped falling</a> when politicians declared a “war on poverty.”</li><li>A cartoon capturing how <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2011/04/18/this-cartoon-is-very-funny-but-also-does-a-great-job-of-teaching-economics/">redistribution programs undermine incentives</a> for self-sufficiency.</li><li>A chart showing the <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2018/06/28/the-western-worlds-most-depressing-chart/">explosive growth of social welfare spending</a> in Western nations.</li><li>A chart showing how redistribution programs <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2012/07/13/a-picture-of-how-redistribution-programs-trap-the-less-fortunate-in-lives-of-dependency/">create very high implicit tax rates</a>. </li></ul><p>I augment those visuals with other analysis, such as my two-part series (<a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2024/01/13/the-right-and-wrong-way-to-reduce-poverty-part-i/">here</a> and <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2024/01/14/the-right-and-wrong-way-to-reduce-poverty-part-ii/">here</a>) on the right and wrong way to reduce poverty (Hint: the ultimate goal should be reducing dependency).</p>
<p>And I just read <a href="https://www.goodmaninstitute.org/2024/03/07/whats-wrong-with-the-us-welfare-state/">a sobering article</a> by John Goodman that I’ll add to my list. Here are two shocking/depressing findings that he shared.</p>
<p>First, in many cases, households that mooch get more money than households that work.</p>
<blockquote><p>…the bottom fifth of households in 2017 had an average
(after tax and after transfer) income of $33,653 per person. …The per
capita income of second fifth in 2017 was $29,497; and for the middle
fifth it was $32,574.<a href="https://freedomandprosperity.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Mar-18-24-Title.jpg"><img class="alignright " height="33" src="https://freedomandprosperity.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Mar-18-24-Title.jpg" width="199" /></a>
Those with the least earned income had more actual total income than
those in the next two higher quintiles! The average household in the
bottom fifth received 14 percent more income than the average
second-fifth household and 3.3 percent more than the average
middle-income household.</p></blockquote>
<p>As you might predict, people respond to incentives. John reports that
the excessive welfare state has greatly undermined incentives to be
productive.</p>
<blockquote><p>Since the War on Poverty started in 1965, the labor force
participation of the bottom one-fifth of households has dropped from 70
percent to 36 percent. As a group, this one-fifth now receive more than
90 percent of their income from government. For this group, our welfare
system has substituted in-kind benefits for labor market income.</p></blockquote>
<p>These two sets of numbers are horrific. We basically have a system
that tells people they are chumps if they work. Their reward for work is
to pay taxes.</p>
<p>But if they become wards of the state, they can play video games all day and get lots of freebies.</p>
<p>That’s a recipe to destroy <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2014/11/18/social-capital-culture-markets-and-institutions/">societal capital</a>.</p>
<p>P.S. For readers who want some international evidence, I have a three-part series (<a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2023/07/18/the-welfare-states-damaging-impact-on-europe-part-i/">here</a>, <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2023/07/19/the-welfare-states-damaging-impact-on-europe-part-ii/">here</a>, and <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2023/07/20/the-welfare-states-damaging-impact-on-europe-part-iii/">here</a>) on how the welfare state is <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2023/11/24/europes-most-depressing-chart/">hurting European nations</a>.</p>
<p>P.P.S. The Biden Administration <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2023/05/23/will-biden-make-poverty-hucksterism-official-policy/">wants to lie</a> about the definition of poverty. Which may or may not be worse than their <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2021/10/30/linda-and-leo-wards-of-the-state/">celebration of dependency</a>.</p>
<p>P.P.P.S. Here’s <a href="https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2023/10/17/mirror-mirror-on-the-wall-which-state-provides-the-most-handouts-of-all/">a ranking</a> of which states exacerbate the problem of redistribution."</p></blockquote><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-87471636262178206632024-03-23T10:56:00.000-07:002024-03-23T10:56:52.530-07:00What the Data Says About Pandemic School Closures, Four Years Later<p><i>The more time students spent in remote instruction, the further they fell behind. And, experts say, extended closures did little to stop the spread of Covid.</i></p><p><b><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/18/upshot/pandemic-school-closures-data.html?"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Francesca Paris By Sarah Mervosh, Claire Cain Miller and Francesca Paris of The NY Times</span></a></b>. Excerpt:</p><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0"></p><blockquote><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">"Four years ago
this month, schools nationwide began to shut down, igniting one of the
most polarizing and partisan debates of the pandemic.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Some
schools, often in Republican-led states and rural areas, reopened by
fall 2020. Others, typically in large cities and states led by
Democrats, would not fully reopen for another year.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">A
variety of data — about children’s academic outcomes and about the
spread of Covid-19 — has accumulated in the time since. Today, there is
broad acknowledgment among many public health and education experts that
extended school closures did not significantly stop the spread of
Covid, while the academic harms for children have been large and
long-lasting.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">While poverty and other factors also played a role, remote learning was a
key driver of academic declines during the pandemic, research shows — a
finding that held true across income levels.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">“There’s fairly good consensus that, in general, as a society, we
probably kept kids out of school longer than we should have,” said Dr.
Sean O’Leary, a pediatric infectious disease specialist who helped write
<a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/30/us/coronavirus-schools-reopening-guidelines-aap.html" title="">guidance</a> for the American Academy of Pediatrics, which recommended in June 2020 that schools reopen with safety measures in place."</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">"In districts where students spent most of the 2020-21 school year
learning remotely, they fell more than half a grade behind in math on
average, while in districts that spent most of the year in person they
lost just over a third of a grade.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">(<a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aeri.20220180" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">A separate study</a> of nearly 10,000 schools found similar results.)</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Such
losses can be hard to overcome, without significant interventions. The
most recent test scores, from spring 2023, show that students, overall, <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/01/31/us/pandemic-learning-loss-recovery.html" title="">are not caught up from their pandemic losses</a>,
with larger gaps remaining among students that lost the most ground to
begin with. Students in districts that were remote or hybrid the longest
— at least 90 percent of the 2020-21 school year — still had almost
double the ground to make up compared with students in districts that
allowed students back for most of the year."</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">"Comparing districts with similar remote learning policies, poorer districts had steeper losses."</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">"Looking at districts with similar poverty levels, remote learning was associated with greater declines."</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">"These are signs, experts say, that even short-term closures, and the
pandemic more broadly, had lasting effects on the culture of education."</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">"several experts said <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/upshot/epidemiologists-decisions-children-school-coronavirus.html" title="">that had changed</a> by the fall of 2020, when there were <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32546824/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">initial signs</a> that children were less likely to become seriously ill, and growing evidence from <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/COVID-19-in-children-and-the-role-of-school-settings-in-transmission-first-update_1.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">Europe</a> and <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/coronavirus-schools-children.html" title="">parts of the United States</a> that opening schools, with safety measures, <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(20)30095-X/fulltext#seccestitle20" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">did not lead</a> to significantly more transmission.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">“Infectious
disease leaders have generally agreed that school closures were not an
important strategy in stemming the spread of Covid,” said Dr. Jeanne
Noble, who directed the Covid response at the <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.ucsf.edu/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" title="">U.C.S.F.</a> Parnassus emergency department."</p></blockquote><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0"></p></div><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-70625777043327842542024-03-23T10:41:00.000-07:002024-03-23T10:41:53.225-07:00Uber and Lyft Drive Out of the Twin Cities<p><b><a href="https://www.aier.org/article/uber-and-lyft-drive-out-of-the-twin-cities/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By James R. Harrigan of AEIR</span></a></b>.</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"Late last week the Minneapolis City Council passed an ordinance to
increase ride-share driver pay to $1.40 per mile and 51 cents per minute
while carrying a passenger. Mayor Jacob Frey vetoed the measure, but
the Council took little time in overriding that veto in a 10-3 vote. </p>
<p>“This is a David and Goliath story,” <a href="https://content.govdelivery.com/bulletins/gd/MPLS-3909d85?wgt_ref=MPLS_WIDGET_127">said Robin Wonsley</a>,
a Council member who helped author the policy. And she’s right. It is
absolutely a David and Goliath story. She just has the players
incorrectly cast. </p>
<p>The situation in Minneapolis is a near-perfect microcosm of the
minimum wage debate as it has played out in the United States over the
past couple of decades, the fact that ride-share drivers are independent
contractors, notwithstanding. The players are always the same: capital,
labor, and politicians. Capital wants labor costs as low as they can
possibly be. Labor wants wages as high as they can possibly be. And
politicians want to appear as though they are doing the right thing in
order to win, or even buy votes. It has ever been so.</p>
<p>So what has happened in Minneapolis, and what typically happens? In
short, workers either agree to take jobs at the wages they are offered
or they don’t. If enough of them refuse, wages necessarily rise. Why?
Because when the supply of something goes down, and demand doesn’t
change, the price rises. This is as true of labor as it is of Taylor
Swift tickets. Left to their own devices, employers and workers will
inevitably come to an answer that serves both of their interests. But
that sort of mutually beneficial arrangement has never made politicians
all that happy, as it invariably proves that people don’t need them all
that much.</p>
<p>So what do they do? They mandate things. Because all government can do in the end is mandate or forbid things.</p>
<p>In the case of labor, government mandates certain wages, regardless
of what the parties to the employment agreement would have agreed to if
left alone. This happens at the federal level, where the minimum wage is
$7.25 an hour, at the state level, where it varies from the federal
minimum to Washington’s $16.28 mark, and in Washington, DC, which has
the highest minimum wage in the United States at $17 an hour.</p>
<p>When costs go up, the money to pay for the increase can only come
from one of three places: customers paying higher prices, business
owners earning less profit, or workers being laid off, losing work
hours, or losing benefits. This is as true of labor costs as it is with
hamburger meat, electricity, or truck tires. In the end, costs are
costs. </p>
<p>And in Minneapolis, the politicians went too far. How do we know?
Uber and Lyft both announced within days of the City Council’s decision
that they would cease operations in the Twin Cities. The cost to capital
is simply too high for the companies to earn a profit in that market.
And businesses exist to earn a profit.</p>
<p>So by decreeing what workers “should” make in their city, the
Minneapolis City Council has guaranteed that Uber and Lyft drivers will
now earn nothing, instead of making a wage they were all clearly
comfortable making. How do we know that? They all kept their driving
gigs at what they were being paid. It was, in their estimation, the best
option they had. Now they no longer have that option.</p>
<p>Councilwoman Wonsley is right. This is a David and Goliath story. But
government is always Goliath, and Goliath almost always wins. And when
Goliath wins, labor often loses.<br /><br />More importantly, customers and business owners lose, too.</p>
<p>And what’s going to happen to taxi fares in the Twin Cities when Uber and Lyft exit the market?</p>
<p>When supply decreases, demand increases, as does the price."</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-39940302192384104172024-03-22T07:59:00.000-07:002024-03-22T07:59:00.250-07:00How Pharmacists Can Increase Access to Routine Health Care<p><b><a href="https://www.cato.org/blog/how-pharmacists-can-increase-access-routine-health-care"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Marc Joffe and Jeffrey A. Singer of Cato</span></a></b>.</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"How often do people have to leave work early for a medical
appointment and wait for an hour for the doctor to perform a simple test
and prescribe a routine medication that they knew in advance would
happen? Like a routine urinary tract infection? Or a strep throat?
Imagine if they could stop off at their local pharmacy on the way home
from work, ask the pharmacist to perform the simple test, and prescribe
the medication for the routine condition. There are several
jurisdictions—including three states—where this convenience and
accessibility is a reality.</p>
<p>Our new policy briefing paper, <a href="https://www.cato.org/briefing-paper/let-pharmacists-prescribe">Let Pharmacists Prescribe</a>,
explores a reform that would improve the quality of US healthcare while
partially addressing the shortage of primary care physicians. We
propose that states allow pharmacists to leverage their education and
experience to safely prescribe a wider range of medications to their
customers.</p>
<p>The traditional arrangement under which physicians prescribe and
pharmacists dispense has already been breached throughout the United
States. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the federal government authorized
pharmacists to dispense Paxlovid without a prescription on the grounds
that patients needed to start taking the anti‐viral medication soon
after being diagnosed, so there was no time to wait for a doctor’s
visit. States have also reached a similar conclusion about Naloxone
(marketed as Narcan), which reverses the effects of opioid overdose if
administered quickly. Several states authorize pharmacists to prescribe
birth control pills and HIV prevention.</p>
<p>But shouldn’t a policy that works for COVID-19, drug overdoses, birth
control, and HIV prophylaxis be applicable to other conditions?</p>
<p>In our paper, we consider the cases of Alberta, Ontario, and
Queensland (Australia), all of which have extended pharmacist
prescribing to more than a dozen common conditions. In the first six
months of 2023 alone, Ontario pharmacists wrote over 250,000
prescriptions.</p>
<p>Among US states, Idaho has taken the lead in broadening pharmacist
prescribing, specifying four general categories under which they may
prescribe. Subsequently, Montana and Colorado enacted similar
legislation.</p>
<p>When considering prescribing a medication, physicians often consult
with pharmacists about interactions with drugs the patient is already
taking. Pharmacists are well qualified to address such inquiries because
they interact with a large number of patients and most receive as much
classroom training as physicians.</p>
<p>States should eliminate unnecessary requirements for people to see
doctors to make simple diagnoses and prescribe medicines. Patients
should be allowed to go directly to the pharmacy, freeing up physicians
for higher priorities and removing a hurdle for patients seeking relief."</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-20393923095412143522024-03-22T07:53:00.000-07:002024-03-22T07:53:06.146-07:00Gramm’s and Boudreaux’s Letter in The Economist on Lighthizer’s Misunderstanding of Trade<p><b><a href="https://cafehayek.com/2024/03/gramms-and-boudreauxs-letter-in-the-economist-on-lighthizers-misunderstanding-of-trade.html"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">From Cafe Hayek</span></a></b>. </p><blockquote><p>"<a href="https://www.economist.com/letters/2024/03/21/letters-to-the-editor" rel="noopener" target="_blank">In the latest issue of <i>The Economist</i>, Phil Gramm and I respond with the following letter</a> to three of the many errors about trade that appear throughout <a href="https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2024/03/08/donald-trumps-former-trade-chief-makes-the-case-for-more-tariffs" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Robert Lighthizer’s recent brief, in that publication, for protectionism</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>The case made by Robert Lighthizer, America’s trade
representative under Donald Trump, for protective tariffs is full of
logical, factual and economic fallacies (By <a href="https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2024/03/08/donald-trumps-former-trade-chief-makes-the-case-for-more-tariffs" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Invitation</a>,
March 8th). First, Mr Lighthizer slays a straw man. The economic case
against tariff increases is that they worsen the economy’s performance
and not, as he claims, that they “destroy capitalism”. The survival of
America’s market-oriented economy in the wake of Mr Trump’s tariffs,
therefore, does nothing to discredit the case for free trade.</p>
<p>Second, Mr Lighthizer insists that the past several decades have left
America in dire need of “reindustrialisation”. In fact, industrial
output in America rose rather steadily from the end of the second world
war until the Great Recession of 2008 and 2009, and then slowly rose
again until the pandemic, after which it once again increased. It hit
its all-time high in September 2018 and is today only 1.5% below that
record level. As for America’s industrial capacity, today it is a mere
0.4% below the historic peak it reached in December 2016, the month
before Mr Trump took office.</p>
<p>Third, it is simply untrue that increases in a country’s imports to
match any increases in its exports is “how trade is supposed to work”.
Trade can work in this way. But it can also work when a country uses its
export earnings, not to import more, but to invest abroad, thus
potentially increasing the amount of capital available in destination
countries. This has happened in America in every year since 1975, when
it last ran a trade surplus.</p>
<p>PHIL GRAMM<br />
Non-resident senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute<i><br />
<i>Helotes, Texas</i></i></p>
<p>DONALD BOUDREAUX<br />
Mercatus Centre<br />
George Mason University<br />
<i>Fairfax, Virginia</i>"</p></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote><p></p></blockquote><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-38854405148961105762024-03-22T07:44:00.000-07:002024-03-22T07:44:41.055-07:00Making Money is Hard<p><b><a href="https://www.econlib.org/making-money-is-hard/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Art Carden</span></a></b>.</p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"To hear some people tell it, <a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Profits.html">profits</a> are pretty easy to come by. People </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">accumulate</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> wealth and enjoy </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">unearned</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">
income by taking interest and capital gains. What is profit but a tax
levied by the powerful on the powerless? What could be easier than
kicking back, lighting a cigar, and watching the profits roll in like
they do in so many mobile games?</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Quite a lot of things, actually.
Losing money is easy. It’s like starving: you don’t have to do much to
make it happen. Earning profits–and I use the word </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">earning</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> deliberately–is just like earning any other kind of income. It’s </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">hard</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Earning </span><a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/WagesandWorkingConditions.html"><span style="font-weight: 400;">wages</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> requires working. Earning </span><a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Interest.html"><span style="font-weight: 400;">interest</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> requires waiting. Earning </span><a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Ricardo.html"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rent</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a little easier, perhaps, but future rents to land and other resources are capitalized into present prices. Earning </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">profit</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> requires judgment. This is how </span><a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Profits.html"><span style="font-weight: 400;">innovative entrepreneurs like Sol Price and Sam Walton</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">
were so successful. They looked at how people bought and sold, found it
lacking, and introduced new ways of retailing. They chose wisely, and
they were rewarded handsomely.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But if Sol Price and Sam Walton
finished rich, that means someone else had to finish poor, right? Wrong.
Price, Walton, and other successful entrepreneurs profit by creating </span><a href="https://www.aier.org/article/create-wealth-without-making-anything/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">something out of nothing</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.
Obviously, they can’t create new matter, but they can rearrange it into
“Big Box Stores” that no one had ever thought to put in southern
California or northwest Arkansas.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">We academics and others working in
the non-profit sector are even pretty easy at fooling ourselves into
thinking that we have forsaken the easy life of profit-seeking and
wealth accumulation to do something more difficult, courageous, and
noble. It’s not easy, though, to give people what they want at prices
they are willing to pay without consuming even more valuable resources
in the process. It’s one thing to pontificate about how this or that
business idea would be successful, but it’s quite another to put your
own money where your mouth is so you can actually try to make an idea
work, all the while knowing that as the residual claimant, any losses
come out of </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">your</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">
pocket. I’m hard-pressed to think of anything much more noble than
finding ways for people to get more bread for the sweat of their brow. </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">As Ayn Rand’s character Francisco d’Anconia explains, </span><a href="https://www.econlib.org/francisco-danconias-speech-on-money/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">successful entrepreneurs </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">make</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> money</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Successful entrepreneurs win, but the biggest winners from the </span><a href="https://www.aier.org/article/lets-make-a-deal-the-bourgeois-deal-among-many-others/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Bourgeois Deal</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> are consumers like the rest of us. To the extent we have left them alone to try new things, they have made us rich.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Yes, interventionism means a lot of
distortion and profits accruing to people not because they innovate
successfully but because they prevent others from innovating. I would
hope that both the left and the right could find a common cause in
fighting the </span><a href="https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/RentSeeking.html"><span style="font-weight: 400;">rent-seeking</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">
society. However, it’s the rare person I encounter who despises modern
capitalism because the state introduces distortions making it hard for
people to compete. They tend to hate capitalism precisely because it is a
system where people like Sol Price and Sam Walton–neither descended
from royalty or deity, as far as I know–got rich by making other people
richer.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Business history is littered with
failure. Making money is hard, and those who do it deserve our gratitude
rather than our contempt."</span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: 400;"></span></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-31901010830797669872024-03-21T12:56:00.000-07:002024-03-21T12:56:00.031-07:00DOS Kapital: Has antitrust action against Microsoft created value in the computer industry?<p><b><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304405X99000537"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By George Bittlingmayer & Thomas W Hazlett</span></a></b>. They were both at UC Davis in 2000 when the article was published.</p><div class="Abstracts u-font-serif text-s" id="abstracts"><div class="abstract author" id="aep-abstract-id5"><h2 class="section-title u-h4 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom"></h2><blockquote><h2 class="section-title u-h4 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom">"Abstract</h2><div id="aep-abstract-sec-id6"><p>Antitrust
enforcement that efficiently constrains Microsoft's behavior benefits
firms supplying complements to and/or substitutes for Microsoft's
operating system and applications software. However, from 1991 through
1997, 29 reports of federal antitrust enforcement action against
Microsoft were accompanied by declines in the value of an index of 159
computer industry firms (excluding Microsoft). The mean loss to those
firms exceeded $1 billion per event. Eight retreats or setbacks in
enforcement were associated with increased computer sector value. Thus,
financial markets reveal compelling evidence against the joint
hypothesis that (a) Microsoft conduct is anticompetitive and (b)
antitrust policy enforcement produces net efficiency gains."</p></div></blockquote><div id="aep-abstract-sec-id6"><p></p></div></div></div><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-30213744442865899852024-03-21T11:06:00.000-07:002024-03-21T11:06:24.093-07:00Harvard Tramples the Truth <p><i>When it came to debating Covid lockdowns, Veritas wasn’t the university’s guiding principle.</i></p><p><b><a href="https://www.independent.org/news/article.asp?id=14871"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By Martin Kulldorff</span></a></b>. </p><div class="articlebodyfadeoutcontainer" style="position: relative;">
<p></p><blockquote><p>"I am no longer a professor of medicine at Harvard. The Harvard motto is <em>Veritas,</em>
Latin for truth. But, as I discovered, truth can get you fired. This is
my story—a story of a Harvard biostatistician and infectious-disease
epidemiologist, clinging to the truth as the world lost its way during
the Covid pandemic.</p>
<p>On March 10, 2020, before any government prompting, <a href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/03/officials-detail-universitys-move-to-online-learning-to-combat-coronavirus" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">Harvard declared</a>
that it would “suspend in-person classes and shift to online learning.”
Across the country, universities, schools, and state governments
followed Harvard’s lead.</p>
<p>Yet it was clear, from early 2020, that the virus would eventually
spread across the globe, and that it would be futile to try to suppress
it with lockdowns. It was also clear that lockdowns would inflict
enormous collateral damage, not only on education but also on public
health, including treatment for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and
mental health. We will be dealing with the harm done for decades. Our
children, the elderly, the middle class, the working class, and the poor
around the world—all will suffer.</p>
<p>Schools closed in many other countries, too, but under heavy
international criticism, Sweden kept its schools and daycares open for
its 1.8 million children, ages one to 15. Why? While anyone can get
infected, we have known since early 2020 that more than a <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/covid-19-counter-measures-should-age-specific-martin-kulldorff" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">thousandfold difference</a>
in Covid mortality risk holds between the young and the old. Children
faced minuscule risk from Covid, and interrupting their education would
disadvantage them for life, especially those whose families could not
afford private schools, pod schools, or tutors, or to homeschool.</p>
<p>What were the results during the spring of 2020? With schools open,
Sweden had zero Covid deaths in the one-to-15 age group, while teachers
had the same mortality as the average of other professions. Based on
those facts, summarized in a July 7, 2020, <a href="https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/contentassets/c1b78bffbfde4a7899eb0d8ffdb57b09/covid-19-school-aged-children.pdf" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">report</a>by the Swedish Public Health Agency, all U.S. schools should have quickly reopened. Not doing so led to “<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/18/opinion/pandemic-school-learning-loss.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">startling evidence on learning loss”</a> in the United States, especially among lower- and middle-class children, an effect <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883035522000891" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">not seen</a> in Sweden.</p>
<p>Sweden was the only major Western country that rejected school
closures and other lockdowns in favor of concentrating on the elderly,
and the final verdict is now in. Led by an intelligent social democrat
prime minister (a welder), Sweden had the <a href="https://www.cato.org/policy-analysis/sweden-during-pandemic#other-indicators" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">lowest excess mortality</a>
among major European countries during the pandemic, and less than half
that of the United States. Sweden’s Covid deaths were below average, and
it avoided collateral mortality caused by lockdowns.</p>
<p>Yet on July 29, 2020, the Harvard-edited <em>New England Journal of Medicine</em> published an <a href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMms2024920" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">article</a>
by two Harvard professors on whether primary schools should reopen,
without even mentioning Sweden. It was like ignoring the placebo control
group when evaluating a new pharmaceutical drug. That’s not the path to
truth.</p>
<p>That spring, I supported the Swedish approach in op-eds published in
my native Sweden, but despite being a Harvard professor, I was unable to
publish my thoughts in American media. My attempts to disseminate the
Swedish school report on Twitter (now X) put me on the platform’s Trends
Blacklist. In August 2020, my op-ed on school closures and Sweden was
finally published by CNN—but not the one you’re thinking of. I wrote it
in Spanish, and <a href="https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2020/08/20/opinion-abrir-o-no-abrir-las-escuelas-la-experiencia-sueca" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">CNN–Español</a> ran it. CNN–English was not interested.</p>
<p>I was not the only public health scientist speaking out against
school closures and other unscientific countermeasures. Scott Atlas, an
especially brave voice, used scientific articles and facts to challenge
the public health advisors in the Trump White House, National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases director Anthony Fauci, National
Institutes of Health director Francis Collins, and Covid coordinator
Deborah Birx, but to little avail. When 98 of his Stanford faculty
colleagues unjustly attacked Atlas in an open letter that did not
provide a single example of where he was wrong, I wrote a <a href="https://stanforddaily.com/2020/09/16/letter-to-the-editor-scott-atlas-and-lockdowns" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">response</a> in the student-run <em>Stanford Daily</em> to defend him. I ended the letter by pointing out that:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Among experts on infectious disease outbreaks, many of us have long
advocated for an age-targeted strategy, and I would be delighted to
debate this with any of the 98 signatories. Supporters include Professor
Sunetra Gupta at Oxford University, the world’s preeminent infectious
disease epidemiologist. Assuming no bias against women scientists of
color, I urge Stanford faculty and students to <a href="https://reaction.life/we-may-already-have-herd-immunity-an-interview-with-professor-sunetra-gupta/?fbclid=IwAR0ucQOKcLEDQNapy0RRFx3TQQ_VhiCANyFWZAzmRoUfHVp8BpablTZxceE" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">read her thoughts</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>None of the 98 signatories accepted my offer to debate. Instead,
someone at Stanford sent complaints to my superiors at Harvard, who were
not thrilled with me.</p>
<p>I had no inclination to back down. Together with Gupta and Jay Bhattacharya at Stanford, I wrote the <a href="https://gbdeclaration.org/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">Great Barrington Declaration</a>, arguing for age-based focused protection instead of universal lockdowns, with <a href="https://gbdeclaration.org/frequently-asked-questions" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">specific suggestions</a> for how better to protect the elderly, while letting children and young adults live close to normal lives.</p>
<p>With the Great Barrington Declaration, the silencing was broken.
While it is easy to dismiss individual scientists, it was impossible to
ignore three senior infectious-disease epidemiologists from three
leading universities. The declaration made clear that no scientific
consensus existed for school closures and many other lockdown measures.
In response, though, the attacks intensified—and even grew slanderous.
Collins, a lab scientist with limited public-health experience who
controls most of the nation’s medical research budget, called us “fringe
epidemiologists” and asked his colleagues to orchestrate a “devastating
published takedown.” Some at Harvard obliged.</p>
<p>A prominent Harvard epidemiologist publicly called the declaration “<a href="https://twitter.com/mlipsitch/status/1324895385043820544" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">an extreme fringe view</a>,” equating it with <a href="https://twitter.com/WesPegden/status/1351890288424464385" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">exorcism</a> to expel demons. A member of Harvard’s Center for Health and Human Rights, who had argued for school closures, <a href="https://twitter.com/jfeldman_epi/status/1383773827562283014" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">accused me</a> of “trolling” and having “idiosyncratic politics,” falsely alleging that I was “<a href="https://twitter.com/jfeldman_epi/status/1473825930283913221" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">enticed . . . with Koch money</a>,” “<a href="https://cheddar.com/media/calls-to-avoid-broad-coronavirus-lockdowns-tests-limits-of-scientific-debate" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">cultivated by right-wing think tanks</a>,” and “<a href="https://twitter.com/jfeldman_epi/status/1316758729715453953" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">won’t debate anyone</a>.”
(A concern for those less privileged does not automatically make you
right-wing!) Others at Harvard worried about my “scientifically
inaccurate” and “potentially dangerous position,” while “grappling with
the protections offered by academic freedom.”</p>
<p>Though powerful scientists, politicians, and the media vigorously
denounced it, the Great Barrington Declaration gathered almost a million
signatures, including tens of thousands from scientists and health-care
professionals. We were less alone than we had thought.</p>
<p>Even from Harvard, I received more positive than negative feedback.
Among many others, support came from a former chair of the Department of
Epidemiology—a former dean, a top surgeon, and an autism expert, who
saw firsthand the devastating collateral damage that lockdowns inflicted
on her patients. While some of the support I received was public, most
was behind the scenes from faculty unwilling to speak publicly.</p>
<p>Two Harvard colleagues tried to arrange a debate between me and
opposing Harvard faculty, but just as with Stanford, there were no
takers. The invitation to debate remains open. The public should not
trust scientists, even Harvard scientists, unwilling to debate their
positions with fellow scientists.</p>
<p>My former employer, the Mass General Brigham hospital system, employs
the majority of Harvard Medical School faculty. It is the single
largest recipient of NIH funding—over $1 billion per year from U.S.
taxpayers. As part of the offensive against the Great Barrington
Declaration, one of Mass General’s board members, Rochelle Walensky, a
fellow Harvard professor who had served on the advisory council to NIH
director Collins, engaged me in a one-directional “debate.” After a
Boston radio station <a href="https://www.wbur.org/radioboston/2020/10/20/great-barrington-john-snow" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">interviewed me</a>,
Walensky came on as the official representative of Mass General Brigham
to counter me, without giving me an opportunity to respond. A few
months later, she became the new CDC director.</p>
<p>At this point, it was clear that I faced a choice between science or
my academic career. I chose the former. What is science if we do not
humbly pursue the truth?</p>
<p>In the 1980s, I worked for a human rights organization in Guatemala.
We provided round-the-clock international physical accompaniment to poor
campesinos, unionists, women’s groups, students, and religious
organizations. Our mission was to protect those who spoke up against the
killings and disappearances perpetrated by the right-wing military
dictatorship, which shunned international scrutiny of its dirty work.
Though the military threatened us, stabbed two of my colleagues, and
threw a hand grenade into the house where we all lived and worked, we
stayed to protect the brave Guatemalans.</p>
<p>I chose then to risk my life to help protect vulnerable people. It
was a comparatively easy choice to risk my academic career to do the
same during the pandemic. While the situation was less dramatic and
terrifying than the one that I faced in Guatemala, many more lives were
ultimately at stake.</p>
<p>While school closures and lockdowns were the big controversy of 2020,
a new dispute emerged in 2021: the Covid vaccines. For more than two
decades, I have helped the CDC and FDA develop their post-market vaccine
safety systems. Vaccines are a vital medical invention, allowing people
to obtain immunity without the risk that comes from getting sick. The
smallpox vaccine alone has saved millions of lives. In 2020, the CDC
asked me to serve on its Covid-19 Vaccine Safety Technical Work Group.
My tenure didn’t last long—though not for the reason you may think.</p>
<p>The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the Covid vaccines were
not properly designed. While they demonstrated the vaccines’ short-term
efficacy against symptomatic infection, they were not designed to
evaluate hospitalization and death, which is what matters. In subsequent
pooled RCT analyses by vaccine type, independent Danish scientists <a href="https://brownstone.org/articles/have-people-been-given-the-wrong-vaccine" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">showed</a>
that the mRNA vaccines (Pfizer and Moderna) did not reduce short-term,
all-cause mortality, while the adenovirus-vector vaccines (Johnson &
Johnson, Astra-Zeneca, Sputnik) <em>did</em> reduce mortality, by at least 30 percent.</p>
<p>I have spent decades studying drug and vaccine adverse reactions
without taking any money from pharmaceutical companies. Every honest
person knows that new drugs and vaccines come with potential risks that
are unknown when approved. This was a risk worth taking for older people
at high risk of Covid mortality—but not for children, who have a
minuscule risk for Covid mortality, nor for those who already had
infection-acquired immunity. To a question about this on Twitter in
2021, I responded:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Thinking that everyone must be vaccinated is as scientifically
flawed as thinking that nobody should. COVID vaccines are important for
older high-risk people and their care-takers. Those with prior natural
infection do not need it. Nor children.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>At the <a href="https://public.substack.com/p/stanford-group-helped-us-government" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">behest of the U.S. government</a>,
Twitter censored my tweet for contravening CDC policy. Having also been
censored by LinkedIn, Facebook, and YouTube, I could not freely
communicate as a scientist. Who decided that American free-speech rights
did not apply to honest scientific comments at odds with those of the
CDC director?</p>
<p>I was tempted just to shut up, but a Harvard colleague convinced me
otherwise. Her family had been active against Communism in Eastern
Europe, and she reminded me that we needed to use whatever openings we
could find—while self-censoring, when necessary, to avoid getting
suspended or fired.</p>
<p>On that score, however, I failed. A month after my tweet, I was fired
from the CDC Covid Vaccine Safety Working Group—not because I was
critical of vaccines but because I contradicted CDC policy. In April
2021, the CDC paused the J&J vaccine after reports of blood clots in
a few women under 50. No cases were reported among older people, who
benefit the most from the vaccine. Since there was a general vaccine
shortage at that time, I argued in an <a href="https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/548817-the-dangers-of-pausing-the-jj-vaccine" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">op-ed</a>
that the J&J vaccine should not be paused for older Americans. This
is what got me in trouble. I am probably the only person ever fired by
the CDC for being too pro-vaccine. While the CDC lifted the pause <a href="https://thefederalist.com/2021/04/28/cdc-punishes-superstar-scientist-for-covid-vaccine-recommendation-the-cdc-followed-4-days-later" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">four days later</a>, the damage was done. Some older Americans undoubtedly died because of this vaccine “pause.”</p>
<p>Bodily autonomy is not the only argument against Covid vaccine mandates. They are also unscientific and unethical.</p>
<p>With a genetic condition called alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, which
leaves me with a weakened immune system, I had more reason to be
personally concerned about Covid than most Harvard professors. I
expected that Covid would hit me hard, and that’s precisely what
happened in early 2021, when the devoted staff at Manchester Hospital in
Connecticut saved my life. But it would have been wrong for me to let
my personal vulnerability to infections influence my opinions and
recommendations as a public-health scientist, which must focus on
everyone’s health.</p>
<p>The beauty of our immune system is that those who recover from an infection are protected if and when they are re-exposed. This <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/7142/7142-h/7142-h.htm" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">has been known</a>
since the Athenian Plague of 430 BC—but it is no longer known at
Harvard. Three prominent Harvard faculty coauthored the now infamous
“consensus” <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32153-X/fulltext" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">memorandum</a> in <em>The Lancet</em>, questioning the existence of Covid-acquired immunity. By <a href="https://huhs.harvard.edu/covid-19-vaccine-requirement-faqs#gsc.tab=0" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">continuing to mandate</a> the vaccine for students with a prior Covid infection, Harvard is de facto denying 2,500 years of science.</p>
<p>Since mid-2021, we have known, as one would expect, that Covid-acquired immunity is <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.24.21262415v1" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">superior</a> to vaccine-acquired immunity. Based on that, I <a href="https://brownstone.org/articles/hospitals-should-hire-not-fire-nurses-with-natural-immunity" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">argued</a>
that hospitals should hire, not fire, nurses and other hospital staff
with Covid-acquired immunity, since they have stronger immunity than the
vaccinated.</p>
<p>Vaccine mandates are unethical. The RCTs mainly enrolled young and middle-aged adults, but <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.25.21262584v1.full.pdf" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">observational</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8816388" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">studies</a>
showed that Covid vaccines prevented Covid hospitalizations and deaths
for older people. Amid a worldwide vaccine shortage, it was unethical to
force the vaccine on low-risk students or those like me who were
already immune from having had Covid, while my 87-year-old neighbor and
other high-risk older people around the world could not get the shot.
Any pro-vaccine person should, for this reason alone, have opposed the
Covid vaccine mandates.</p>
<p>For scientific, ethical, public health, and medical reasons, I objected both <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/vaccine-passports-prolong-lockdowns-11617726629" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">publicly</a>
and privately to the Covid vaccine mandates. I already had superior
infection-acquired immunity; and it was risky to vaccinate me <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8331076" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">without proper efficacy and safety studies</a>on
patients with my type of immune deficiency. This stance got me fired by
Mass General Brigham—and consequently fired from my Harvard faculty
position.</p>
<p>While several vaccine exemptions were given by the hospital, my
medical exemption request was denied. I was less surprised that my
religious exemption request was denied: “Having had COVID disease, I
have stronger longer lasting immunity than those vaccinated (<a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.24.21262415v1" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">Gazit et al</a>).
Lacking scientific rationale, vaccine mandates are religious dogma, and
I request a religious exemption from COVID vaccination.”</p>
<p>If Harvard and its hospitals want to be credible scientific
institutions, they should rehire those of us they fired. And Harvard
would be wise to eliminate its Covid vaccine mandates for students, as
most other universities have already done.</p>
<p>Most Harvard faculty diligently pursue truth in a wide variety of fields, but <em>Veritas</em>
has not been the guiding principle of Harvard leaders. Nor have
academic freedom, intellectual curiosity, independence from external
forces, or concern for ordinary people guided their decisions.</p>
<p>Harvard and the wider scientific community have much work to do to
deserve and regain public trust. The first steps are the restoration of
academic freedom and the cancelling of cancel culture. When scientists
have different takes on topics of public importance, universities should
organize open and civilized debates to pursue the truth. Harvard could
have done that—and it still can, if it chooses.</p>
<p>Almost everyone now realizes that school closures and other lockdowns, were a colossal mistake. Francis Collins has <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/francis-collins-covid-lockdowns-braver-angels-anthony-fauci-great-barrington-declaration-f08a4fcf" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">acknowledged</a>
his error of singularly focusing on Covid without considering
collateral damage to education and non-Covid health outcomes. That’s the
honest thing to do, and I hope this honesty will reach Harvard. The
public deserves it, and academia needs it to restore its credibility.</p>
<p>Science cannot survive in a society that does not value truth and
strive to discover it. The scientific community will gradually lose
public support and slowly disintegrate in such a culture. The pursuit of
truth requires academic freedom with open, passionate, and civilized
scientific discourse, with zero tolerance for slander, bullying, or
cancellation. My hope is that someday, Harvard will find its way back to
academic freedom and independence.</p><p><a class="person_bio_link" href="https://www.independent.org/aboutus/person_detail.asp?id=4255">Martin Kulldorff</a>
is a Senior Scholar at the Brownstone Institute, a Fellow at the
Academy for Science and Freedom, and co-author of the Great Barrington
Declaration. He was previously Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical
School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital."</p></blockquote><p><br /></p>
</div><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-18883635051273270602024-03-21T10:08:00.000-07:002024-03-21T10:08:42.098-07:00Higher levels of school spending among high-income OECD countries are not associated with higher levels of academic achievement<p>See <b><a href="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/school-spending-and-performance-in-canada-and-other-high-income-countries?"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">School Spending and Performance in Canada and Other High-Income Countries</span></a></b> by Derek J. Allison of The Fraser Institute.</p><div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="content-tab-s">
<div class="field field-name-field-summary field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><ul><li>Analysis
of 2018 data shows that higher levels of school spending among
high-income OECD countries are not associated with higher levels of
academic achievement.</li><li>Canadian 2018 spending on elementary and
secondary spending ranked 14th among 34 high-income OECD countries, just
above the average, and 4th lowest among G7 members.</li><li>Yet Canada’s 15-year-old students had higher combined average test scores in the 2018 <em>Programme for International Student Assessment</em> (PISA) than all but three of these high-income countries, as well as higher average scores than all G7 countries except Japan.</li><li>Provincial
spending was in the upper-middle range of national expenditures, with
highest-spending Saskatchewan ranking 5th among high-income OECD
countries, and lowest-spending British Columbia just below the average.</li><li>Spending
by top-scoring Alberta, Quebec, and Ontario was in the mid-range, while
higher-spending Saskatchewan and Manitoba had significantly lower PISA
scores.</li><li>The knowledge capital model underlying the study links increasing test scores to future growth and prosperity.</li><li>While
Canada’s PISA scores are still comparatively high, they have been
declining so that finding effective ways to improve them will become an
increasingly pressing education and economic policy issue.</li><li>If higher spending is unlikely to produce higher test scores, however, it is not clear how this can be achieved.</li><li>The
study concludes with a discussion of this issue, noting the importance
of paying attention to comparative test scores as well as spending
levels, and to the desirability of moving toward improved student
testing in Canada.</li></ul></div></div></div> </div>
</div><h3>More from this study</h3>
<div class="field field-name-field-resource-files field-type-file field-label-hidden">
<div class="field-items">
<div class="field-item even">
<img alt="Adobe PDF" src="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/sites/default/files/school-spending-and-performance-in-canada-and-other-countries.pdf" target="_blank">Read the Full Report</a>
</div>
<div class="field-item odd">
<img alt="image" src="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/modules/file/icons/image-x-generic.png" /> <a href="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/file/school-spending-and-performance-in-canada-and-other-countries-infographic-thumbjpg" target="_blank">View the Infographic</a>
</div>
<div class="field-item even">
<img alt="Adobe PDF" src="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/modules/file/icons/application-pdf.png" /> <a href="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/sites/default/files/school-spending-and-performance-in-canada-and-other-countries-newsrelease.pdf" target="_blank">Read the News Release</a>
</div>
</div>
</div><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-346878675547673412024-03-20T13:24:00.000-07:002024-03-20T13:24:06.344-07:00What Can We Learn From the Five-Decade Socialist Experiment in Estonia?<p><i>The short answer: It didn’t work then, and the U.S. shouldn’t try i</i>t now</p><p><b><a href="https://www.discoursemagazine.com/p/what-can-we-learn-from-the-five-decade"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Matthew D. Mitchell and Peter Boettke</span></a></b>. </p><p></p><blockquote><p>"Hulking, out-of-touch monopolies that dominate the economy, robbing
both the worker and the soil. A new class of pampered corporate
executive, blithely making uninformed decisions that affect millions.
Aged and detached political leaders incapable of recognizing the
inconvenient truths before their eyes. Masses gripped by materialistic
obsession. Rampant corruption, ennui and addiction. And all the while,
in the Nordic countries there is a better model, if only it could be
tried. </p><p><span>Is this a young American’s jaundiced view of late capitalism? Perhaps: </span><a href="https://realitiesofsocialism.org/polling" rel="">Four in 10</a><span>
Americans age 18-34 are so disenchanted with the U.S. economic system
that they believe socialism would be better. But it’s also an accurate
description of late socialist Estonia. We explore this experience, as
well as Estonia’s inspiring turnaround, in our latest book, “</span><a href="https://realitiesofsocialism.org/estonia" rel="">The Road to Freedom</a><span>,” co-authored with Konstantin Zhukov. What could America’s young socialists learn from this small country half a world away?</span></p><p><span>First
and foremost, they can learn that real socialism does not work. We say
“real,” because many in the West mistakenly identify the Nordic model
with socialism. But the Nordic countries, after all, are </span><a href="https://realitiesofsocialism.org/sweden" rel="">more</a><span> </span><a href="https://www.realitiesofsocialism.org/denmark" rel="">capitalist</a><span> than socialist—just ask a </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RO7wgS5tdz4&t=87s" rel="">Dane</a><span>. </span></p><p><span>Under </span><a href="https://www.realitiesofsocialism.org/sites/default/files/2023-06/introduction-to-socialism-vs-capitalism.pdf" rel="">real socialism</a><span>,
the state owns and operates the means of production. When Stalin
dragooned Estonia into the Soviet Union in 1939, he promised that real
socialism would deliver material abundance, economic equality and social
harmony. The reality proved far different.</span></p><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget"><strong>Stagnation</strong><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§stagnation"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://www.discoursemagazine.com/i/142422609/stagnation"><svg class="header-anchor-widget-icon" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg></div></div></div></h3><p>We
can evaluate Estonia’s economic record under socialism by looking
across the narrow Gulf of Finland during the same period. How did
socialist Estonia stack up against capitalist Finland?</p><p><span>The
two countries have much in common. They were both subjects of first
Swedish and then Russian rule. They both fought for and won their
independence following the October Revolution of 1917, whereupon they
both became parliamentary democracies with the rule of law and
relatively market-oriented economies. Besides this, they have similar
climates, disease environments, geographies and natural resources. Finns
and Estonians even share a cultural habit of referring to themselves as
resilient or gritty (</span><em>sisu</em><span> in Finnish, </span><em>jonn</em><span> in Estonian).</span></p><p>But
while Estonia’s leaders felt they had no choice but to accede to the
Red Army’s demands in 1939—it outnumbered their own force 10 to one—the
Finns took a different tack. They donned skis and fought off the Soviets
in the “Winter War” of 1939-40. Though they lost territory and had to
make concessions, the Finns retained their independence, allowing their
citizens to preserve economic freedom.</p><p>Before socialism, in the
1920s and ’30s, the average Estonian had earned about 84% more than his
Finnish cousins to the north. But by the end of the 1980s, he was
earning less than a quarter of what the capitalist Finns earned. Even
this dismal picture overstates Estonian prosperity, however. That’s
because the official exchange rate—by which one Finnish markka was worth
6.86 rubles—overvalued the ruble. Due to the poor state of the Soviet
economy, those who were able would avoid paying the official, overvalued
exchange rate. If they could, they would use the black-market rate. And
on the black market, one Finnish markka bought only 0.4 rubles. Using
this alternative exchange rate gives a better picture of the relative
purchasing power of the Estonians and the Finns. Using the black-market
exchange rate, Estonians earned a mere 1.3% of what their Finnish
neighbors earned.</p><p>Another way to compare living standards is to
see how long Estonians had to work for basic goods compared with their
Finnish neighbors. Before socialism, the average Estonian had to work
about as long as the average Finn for basic necessities. But after the
imposition of socialism, Estonians had to work twice as many hours as
Finns to buy a bar of soap. They worked three times as long for a set of
men’s clothes and five times as long for women’s clothes. There were
chronic shortages of basic necessities: coffee, sugar, detergent,
rubber, kitchen appliances and—above all—meat.</p><p>Estonians’ living
spaces were 70% the size of Finnish living spaces, and their homes were
less likely to be appointed with bathrooms, hot water or central
heating. Estonian babies died at three times the rate of Finnish babies.
And Estonia’s elderly individuals could expect to die nearly a decade
earlier than their Finnish counterparts.</p><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget"><strong>Inequality</strong><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§inequality"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://www.discoursemagazine.com/i/142422609/inequality"><svg class="header-anchor-widget-icon" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg></div></div></div></h3><p>Churchill
once claimed that the “inherent virtue of socialism is the equal
sharing of miseries.” But the truth is that miseries weren’t shared; the
Soviet elite were immune to the privations of socialism.</p><p>The
nomenklatura—elite bureaucrats and Party leaders—were entitled to shop
in their own shops stocked with Western goods unavailable to the masses.
They vacationed in their own resorts, relaxed in their own spas and
hunted in their own hunting grounds. They had their own pension plans
and their own healthcare. Some were exempted from taxation. And if they
played by the rules, they could have passports and leave whenever they
chose.</p><p><span>The shortage economy strengthened the position of the
elite. Store managers, factory executives and planning authorities used
their positions to pilfer goods and sell them on the black market,
where prices were typically much higher than the official rate. Indeed,
as George Mason University economist David Levy </span><a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30025350" rel="">once explained</a><span>, this phenomenon is one reason </span><em>why</em><span> there was a shortage economy.</span></p><p>But
there were other dimensions to inequality. While Russia was just one of
15 (at one point 16) Soviet Socialist Republics, it was always first
among equals. Russians got the best jobs and the best goods, and as a
rule, the central plan tended to favor the center.</p><p>At the bottom rung of the socialist hierarchy were two entirely made-up classes: the “kulaks” and the “enemies of the people.”</p><p><span>Kulaks
were not a coherent ethnic or social group. Most descended from serfs.
And most had gotten their wealth because they worked hard and made wise
choices. But to the Soviets, a kulak was anyone prosperous enough to own
a farm, especially if he or she had the temerity to want to keep owning
it. In December of 1929, Stalin had announced that kulaks would be
“liquidated as a class.” His poet laureate, Ilya Ehrenburg, described
the kulaks’ “crimes” in a Soviet-approved novel from 1934: “Not one of
them was guilty of anything; but they belonged to a class that was
guilty of everything.” To encourage this liquidation, posters were
distributed with the title “We will destroy the kulaks as a class!” As
the historian Timothy Snyder once </span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Bloodlands-Europe-Between-Hitler-Stalin-ebook/dp/B00B3M3VE6/ref=sr_1_4?crid=3427157QICHMQ&keywords=timothy+snyder&qid=1707341644&s=digital-text&sprefix=timothy+snyder%2Cdigital-text%2C251&sr=1-4" rel="">put it</a><span>,
one featured “a kulak under the wheels of a tractor, a second kulak as
an ape hoarding grain, and a third sucking milk directly from a cow’s
teat.”</span></p><p>The kulak class was invented because its lands were
needed for the realization of the collectivist dream. To justify the
government’s seizure of these lands, the kulaks were demonized. And when
collectivization failed to produce the prosperity that had been
promised, the kulaks became a useful excuse. Whenever socialized
agriculture seemed to be failing, state propaganda would blame kulaks
for sabotaging it.</p><p>The category “enemy of the people” was even
more pliable. It could apply to kulaks, capitalists, ethnic minorities,
nationalists, internationalists, left deviationists, right
deviationists, religious leaders, cultural icons or intellectuals. Above
all, though, it applied to anyone who challenged the power structure of
the Soviet state or Stalin himself. Of the roughly one million enemies
of the people who were executed in Stalin’s great purges, many were true
socialist believers.</p><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget"><strong>Social Discord</strong><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§social-discord"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://www.discoursemagazine.com/i/142422609/social-discord"><svg class="header-anchor-widget-icon" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg></div></div></div></h3><p><span>Marx and Engels once </span><a href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm" rel="">stated</a><span>
that “the theory of the Communists may be summed up in the single
sentence: abolition of private property.” To bring this theory to life,
Soviet socialists confiscated large factories, small businesses, houses,
wardrobes, cookware, cars and bicycles. And because, as Stalin himself
once admitted, “A person is a person, he wants to own something for
himself,” these things had to be taken at the point of a gun.</span></p><p><span>The
property was supposed to go to “the people.” But somehow most of it
ended up in the hands of Red Army soldiers, some of whom collected wrist
watches by the half-dozen. The famous </span><a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1018595/How-iconic-photo-Russians-raising-flag-burning-Berlin-airbrushed-save-soldier-Stalins-rage.html" rel="">photo</a><span>
of Soviet soldiers hoisting the Soviet flag above the Reichstag had to
be airbrushed to remove a second watch from a soldier’s wrist.</span></p><p>With
the army came the secret police, the NKVD. When transliterated to
Estonian, the acronym spelled the Estonian word for “coffin.” NKVD
officers interviewed all Estonians over the age of 12, looking for
anyone who couldn’t be trusted. This included successful businesspeople,
intellectuals, Estonian patriots and those with “cosmopolitan”
interests such as Esperanto or stamp collection.</p><p>In 1941 about
10,000 people, mostly city dwellers, were rounded up and sent to the
“happier East,” as the Soviet press put it. It was the first of three
mass deportations. Entire families were arrested, women and children
separated from their husbands and fathers and sent to different parts of
the vast country.</p><p>Tiia-Ester Loitme was 14 when she was deported
to Siberia with her mother and three sisters, while her father was sent
to die in a Leningrad prison:</p><blockquote><p>I did not cry, because
it was so unreal. You see, when you get up in the morning to go to
school, you have a piano exam that day, and end up in a cage like an
animal, you have to say that it’s bizarre. There was one person who
screamed horribly throughout the whole journey. It was this woman who
had been picked up, and she didn’t know what had become of her four
small children. Her constant wailing the whole way there was absolutely
chilling.</p></blockquote><p>Half of the women and 94% of the men were
dead within two years. They weren’t murdered. Instead, they were worked
to death in slave labor camps. Between 1945 and 1948, slave laborers
constituted up to 18% of the Soviet workforce.</p><p>In 1944 another
30,000 were rounded up. And in 1949, after Estonia’s farmers had refused
to join collective farms, up to 60,000 farmers and their families were
arrested, put in American-made Studebaker trucks and scattered across
Siberia. Faced with such a terrifying prospect, nearly every other
farmer gave in and joined a collective. Agricultural production
collapsed, but the Soviets had achieved the dream of
collectivization. </p><p>The communist revolution had been fought in
the name of the worker. But in Stalin’s factories, workers couldn’t be
trusted. They were constantly surveilled and punished for minor
infractions. Those who were 20 minutes late for work lost a quarter of
their pay for six months. Those who refused a transfer were given up to
four months in prison. “He who does not work, neither shall he eat,” as
the Soviet constitution put it.</p><p>When one Estonian factory worker
went missing, his friend and co-worker made the mistake of complaining
about it at work: “So this is what they call Communist freedom. This is
no longer a factory, it is worse than prison!” As if to prove his point,
the friend was arrested the next day. </p><p>In time, Stalin’s terror
gave way to quiet suppression. The successor to the NKVD, the KGB, no
longer rounded up tens of thousands. But it paid dissidents a visit, let
them know that they were being watched and admonished them to get with
the program. </p><p>In 1980, Mart Niklus snapped 15 photos of the
Estonian city of Tartu and smuggled them to Finnish students. The
pictures showed Tartu’s crumbling infrastructure, dilapidated buildings,
goats grazing in the city park and a radio tower used for jamming
signals from the West. For his photographic crimes, Niklus was sentenced
to 10 years of hard labor and another five in exile.</p><p>Because the
state still owned the means of production, it continued to control the
population. It owned the radio stations, the cinema, the publishing
houses, the schools, the newspapers, even the Soviet version of the Boy
Scouts (the Pioneers). It didn’t own artists, but since it controlled
their access to the artistic means of production—paint, paintbrushes and
museums—it could control what they painted. </p><p>With its obvious
hypocrisies and rank contradictions, socialism somehow made people
smaller. It was supposed to create a new “Soviet man”: selfless, strong
and supremely dedicated to the cause. Instead, it made men and women
guarded and distrustful, isolated from their communities and living
lies. If anything, they were more selfish, not less so. Petty theft was
rampant, in part because the socialist ethos emphasized that everything
belonged to everyone. In the face of pervasive shortages, Estonians
commodified their friendships and familial relationships, using them as
instruments to obtain what the command economy could not supply.</p><p>A
common coping mechanism in the totalitarian state was to hide one’s
true self. Some kept their true selves hidden nearly all their lives. An
Estonian named Boris Ioganson was born to a family that had been
designated “enemies of the people.” His father and grandfather had both
been arrested during the Great Terror of 1937. Boris lived with his
wife, Antonina, for 40 years without ever revealing this dark secret. It
wasn’t until the 1990s that he finally worked up the courage to tell
her the truth. When he did, Antonina revealed that her father had also
been arrested because he had been designated a kulak, and that Antonina
and her family had been sent to slave labor camps in the Gulag. Boris
and Antonina had lived together for decades without truly knowing each
other. </p><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget"><strong>Revolution</strong><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§revolution"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://www.discoursemagazine.com/i/142422609/revolution"><svg class="header-anchor-widget-icon" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg></div></div></div></h3><p>By
the late 1980s, the Iron Curtain was beginning to crumble. Gorbachev
was loosening his grip on the puppet states; with the repudiation of the
Brezhnev Doctrine, the Red Army would no longer threaten these states
if they rejected socialism. But while East Germans danced on the
crumbling Berlin Wall and Poles opened up their economy, nearly 300
million Soviet citizens awaited their turn.</p><p>Gorbachev had no
desire to preside over the breakup of the USSR or to permit its citizens
economic freedom (as late as January 1991, the Soviet leader’s army
crushed a demonstration in the Soviet state of Lithuania, killing 14 at
the TV tower in Vilnius). </p><p>But in the spring of 1987, the
Estonians saw an opportunity. For decades, socialist central plans had
exploited Estonia’s environment. Fifty million tons of shale—rich in
radioactive thorium, uranium and radium—lay in heaps throughout the
countryside, often catching fire, choking the air and poisoning the
groundwater. When the central plan called for further extraction of
Estonian’s relatively worthless phosphate, Estonians protested. And much
to their surprise, they won: Soviet leaders backed down.</p><p>Next,
Estonians began to test Gorbachev’s promise of “openness” by freely
talking about Estonia’s illegal annexation and the secret protocols of
the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939. Then, in 1988, 100,000 Estonians thronged
to the Song Festival grounds in a spontaneous show of defiance and
national pride that came to be known as the Singing Revolution.</p><p><span>The
Estonians eventually gained their freedom in the chaos of the failed
1991 coup against Gorbachev. Then, under the leadership of a 32-year-old
prime minister, they set about creating one of the freest nations on
earth. They adopted a currency board and pegged the currency to the
German Deutschemark. They reduced government spending. They consistently
balanced the budget. They introduced the world’s first flat personal
income tax and set it at half the average rate of others. They
unilaterally eliminated </span><em>all</em><span> barriers to trade.
They reduced regulations and made it easier to start a business. They
privatized previously state-owned businesses and, when possible,
returned property to its previous owners. By 2004, Estonia was the
12th-freest economy in the world, according to the Fraser Institute’s </span><a href="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/economic-freedom-of-the-world-2023-annual-report" rel="">Economic Freedom of the World</a><span> report. </span></p><p>This
freedom paid off. From 1993 to 2021, no other country in the world
except Ireland managed to grow so fast and achieve such a high level of
income. Estonians now earn twice as much as the average citizen of the
former Soviet Union. At just 2.7%, the Estonian poverty rate is
one-tenth that of the other former Soviet states. As a share of its
population, Estonia has more startups and more unicorns (startups valued
at $1 billion) than any other country in Europe. The perception of
corruption is lower in Estonia than it is in the U.S. Once three times
the Finnish rate, Estonia’s infant mortality rate is now lower than
Finland’s. And the Estonia-Finland gap in life expectancy is rapidly
closing.</p><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget"><strong>Dream On</strong><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§dream-on"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://www.discoursemagazine.com/i/142422609/dream-on"><svg class="header-anchor-widget-icon" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"></svg></div></div></div></h3><p><span>We will be the first to admit that the U.S. politico-economic system is deeply flawed, even </span><a href="https://www.mercatus.org/research/books/pathology-privilege-economic-consequences-government-favoritism" rel="">pathological</a><span>
in some ways. It is good, necessary even, to dream of change. But
daydreamers should appreciate that actual socialism—of the variety where
the state owns and operates the means of production—was a nightmare. In
fact, life in late socialist Estonia was not so different from the
worst caricatures of modern capitalism. </span></p><p><span>But the Estonians offer American dreamers a realistic model. To borrow a phrase from </span><a href="https://www.mercatus.org/hayekprogram/research/books/applied-mainline-economics" rel="">Hayek</a><span>,
it is a “liberal program which appeals to the imagination.” Contrary to
Marx’s expectations, when it finally arrived, the revolution was
against socialism, not capitalism. And contrary to everyone’s
expectations, it was a mostly peaceful revolution. Astonishingly, the
totalitarian regime that ruled over a fearful nation for half a century
was felled not by bullets but by song.</span></p><p><span>In its place, the Estonians created one of the </span><a href="https://www.fraserinstitute.org/sites/default/files/human-freedom-index-2023-web-15684.pdf" rel="">freest</a><span>
nations on earth. In contrast with others that had been trapped behind
the Iron Curtain, the Estonian break from socialism was swift and bold.
It avoided the long, fitful and often corrupt transition that bogged
down so many other nations. This allowed reformers to maintain both the
momentum and the moral legitimacy of their efforts.</span></p><p>Compared with late socialist Estonia, early capitalist Estonia is a towering triumph."</p></blockquote><p></p><p></p>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4318078965107892554.post-42359844375919864922024-03-19T10:21:00.000-07:002024-03-19T10:21:07.624-07:00The NIH Sacrifices Scientific Rigor for DEI<p><i>Its First program pushes institutions to hire medical researchers based on their ideological commitment.</i></p><p><b><a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-nih-sacrifices-scientific-rigor-for-dei-f828a6c7"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By John Sailer</span></a></b>. Mr. Sailer is a senior fellow at the National Association of Scholars. Excerpts:</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"Thanks to a grant from the National Institutes of Health, Cornell
University is able to support several professors in fields including
genetics, computational biology and neurobiology. In its funding
proposal, the university emphasizes a strange metric for evaluating hard
scientists: Each applicant’s “statement on contribution to diversity”
was to “receive significant weight in the evaluation.”"</p><p>"The agency for several years has pushed this practice across the country
through its Faculty Institutional Recruitment for Sustainable
Transformation program"</p><p>"the NIH enforces an ideological agenda, prompting universities and
medical schools to vet potential biomedical scientists for wrongthink
regarding diversity."</p><p>"The First program <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://commonfund.nih.gov/FIRST/faqs" rel="" target="_blank">requires</a> all grant recipients to use “diversity statements” for their newly funded hires."</p><p>"That rubric penalizes job candidates for espousing colorblind equality
and gives low scores to those who say they intend to “treat everyone the
same.” It likewise docks candidates who express skepticism about the
practice of dividing students and faculty into racially segregated
“affinity groups.”"</p><p>"the requirements carry serious weight throughout the NIH First programs,
often valued on par with conventional measures of academic excellence."</p><p>"As a part of its First program, San Diego State University required
search committee members to attend an “equity-minded hiring” seminar. A
handout for the program discusses redefining the concept of “merit” by
incorporating such “equity-minded” indicators as an education in social
justice and “experience acting as an equity advocate.” Another handout,
an applicant screening tool, prompts hiring committees to assess whether
scientists are “critically conscious,” that is, whether they have “the
ability to speak with complexity” on DEI."</p><p>"scientists simply can’t get hired in the program without an outstanding DEI score."</p><p>"The University of South Carolina promises to integrate critical race
theory into its program’s design and to emulate activist public-health
scholars in their “efforts to bring critical race theory to the
forefront of society.”"</p><p>"Drexel University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, fully
embrace the language of left-wing identity politics. “Our culture and
climate,” Northwestern’s proposal confesses, “was founded on values and
ideas of White, Eurocentric males and perpetuated by structures that
enable continued marginalization of URG”—underrepresented
group—“faculty.” The program promises to create “Safe Space Ambassadors”
to host discussions on topics like “navigating intersectional workplace
oppressions.”"</p><p>"Even liberal professors have argued that diversity statements amount to unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination."</p><p>"The University of New Mexico’s program, which focuses on neuroscience
and data science, devotes a third of the points on its applicant
screening rubric to criteria such as “DEI Knowledge” and “DEI Track
Record.”"</p><p>"In June 2023 . . .
the University of Texas at Dallas and the University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center <a class="css-1h1us5y-StyledLink el06won0" data-type="link" href="https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10663764" rel="" target="_blank">received NIH First grants</a>
after declaring in their joint proposal: “Our goal is to become the
public face of DEI for the Dallas metro area, and as a model for the
nation.”"</p></blockquote>Cyril Moronghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07148864847009186694noreply@blogger.com0